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Figuring Out Trauma: More on Genes and Environment

John McManamy
John McManamy
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John McManamy is an award-winning mental health journalist and...

John McManamy

Friday, June 12, 2009
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From the comments to last week's sharepost on the gene-environment connection, it's clear we need to continue the discussion. This isn't mere esoteric chicken vs egg stuff. What we're talking about is absolutely essential to how we view whatever ails us and the choices we make in our recovery, as Ang...
  1. Another Dimension...
    knowthyself
    Friday, June 12, 2009 at 06:22 PM

    John,

     

    There is yet another element to this complicated interaction of genetics and the environment I stumbled across.  I will see if I can regurgitate what I understand so far.

     

    The psychological, behavioral perspective explains another aspect that may play a role in contributing to our illness, our personality.  We are born with inherited personality traits.  Our environment and how we learn to react to it, then shapes our personality.  We develop ways of responding to our environment, certain patterns and forms of behavior.

     

    The ways in which we respond are referred to as basic behavioral repetoirs (BBRs).  Once learned, we consistantly repeat these behaviors.  They are divided in three types: emotional-motivational, sensory-motor, and language-cognitive.  This is where it gets a little complicated but I will try to make it simple and explain from my understanding.

     

    The emotional-motivational BBRs we learn determine what emotional response we associate with certain stimuli.  We then know which stimuli are mood altering, reinforcing and direct behavior.  The perspective contends that this, in conjuction with the environment and biological conditions, determine emotional states.  In social situations a person with hypomania and an euphoric mood may get positive responses from others which reinforces the mood.  Sometimes, euphoric responses are related to dangerous activities that would usually elicit fear and are inappropriate.  In some cases fearless risk taking behavior is reinforced.  Dysfunctional emotional-motivational BBRs can escalate positive emotions, reinforcing the mood through reward.  This may be a good tool to climb out of depression, though without a check, it can run away.

     

    The sensory-motor BBRs determine basic functional ability and skills in areas like social, vocational, and educational.  With mental illness it is common for deficits to be seen in these areas.  Skills that are a risk factor for Bipolar Disorder, which have a short term pay off and long term risk are: persuasive conversational techniques, social manipulation and skills for high risk activities.  Consider that these have an emotional reward in the short term, which seems to follow the thrill seeking element that coincides with Bipoloar Disorder.  These behaviors can contribute to feelings of elation and push an individual to mania or leave them elated and pennyless at the poker table.

     

    The language-cognitive BBRs have to do with language, imagery or other stimulus that leads to cognition.  They affect emotion and behavior through their interaction with the emotional-motivational and sensory-motor BBRs.  Patterns of thought that are maladaptive can result in deficits of performance and excessive emotional responses.  If a person has a tendancy for grandiose thoughts about themself and little to inhibit their ideas, the positive self image and resulting emotion can become excessive and provide fuel for mania.  A certain train of thought, about a subject with a positive emotional reward, may be familiar to some and may be recurrant during episodes of hypomania, fueling the feel good feeling and motoring you down the road.

     

    So, personality may have its role and a personality that was shaped by the environmental interaction, all of the situations we encountered, coupled with the genetics for Bipolar Disorder makes for a racey combination.  An interesting take on how personality plays into the disorder, it also provides for contribution to depression and switching from mania to a depressed state.

     

     

    Reply
    re: Another Dimension...
    John McManamy
    Saturday, June 13, 2009 at 12:17 AM

    Hey, Knowthyself. Am I hearing a connection to Robert Cloniger? I heard him speak last month at the APA in San Francisco. We have a whole personality overlay to this. Kee[ talking ...

    Reply
    re: re: Another Dimension...
    knowthyself
    Saturday, June 13, 2009 at 02:58 AM

    No John,

     

    Maybe along the same line.  Arthur Staats.  I will have to look up the work of Robert Cloninger.

     

    I thought that the information fit with trauma, due to the effect it can have on personality.  The environment works in conjunction with the individual to mould personality, peronality determines how we interact with the environment, and personality traits along with genetics can contribute to Bipolar Disorder.

     


    Reply
    re: Another Dimension...
    Heloise
    Thursday, June 18, 2009 at 07:21 AM

    I have read your view.  I have been diagnosed 3 years ago.  Bipolar disorder 'runs in the family' along with alcholism.  When I'm feeling good and the medication is working I'm ALWAYS unsure if this is even really a disease - but when I read stuff like this and recognise everything that you're talking about - I have to accept and just keep on taking the medication - believe me - even if I don't want to take it!! 

    Reply
    re: Another Dimension...
    Virginia W.
    Monday, June 22, 2009 at 01:17 PM

    Thank you Knowthyself for your excellent research.  This information on personality explains a puzzle to me: how my bipolar parents had two fairly normal children and one (me) with the full-blown disorder.  I have also read there may be mutant forms of the genes wherein the disorder never develops, no matter the environment. 

     

    I think some people are born bipolar and thus predisposed to hypersensitivity.  William Blake, who was bipolar according to Jamison, apparently had two normal parents who treated him rather well and recognized that he was different.  He considered, though, a spanking to be a traumatic affair.  In those times, this was the norm.  When he ran into the house bubbling with excitement and said he had just seen the prophet Ezekiel under a tree, his mother spanked him for lying.  Subsequently, she realized she had harmed him and stopped the father from delivering further beatings. 

     

    The point is that Blake, from childhood, was predisposed to hypersensitivity.  The same traumatic experience was taken in stride by others.  He continued all his life to have conversations with the prophets and is now considered a great, if largely indecipherable, English poet.  Try The Marriage of Heaven & Hell for Blake's most understandable work.

    Reply
  2. Untitled Comment
    polarbear
    Thursday, June 18, 2009 at 07:49 AM

     Good for this girl...as i know support from community support groups

     is very important and so helpful.  i use imagery,  positive readings-movies,

     songs with positive words, meditation music,  eucalyptus oil to relax,

     and i know myself, when it comes to HALT.   hungry angry lonely tired.

                  so i m going to rest .Cool

    Reply
  3. Know Thyself Seek Harmony And Serenity
    TheLampLighter
    Thursday, June 18, 2009 at 09:53 AM

    You who what you are and in what type of environment you will heal. We keep ourselves in balance by watching who is giving the treatment and if they are at all normal or balanced themselves. We understand our background and thus know our psychological makeup. We can clearly discover what type of environments drive us crazy off beam and what types will trigger a serenity type healing of the mind. Many meds cause side effects. Some side effects are critiacly dangerous to the patient. A short term fix with meds may allow the patient to gain strength to heal.  Other factors are the environmental factor that may trigger unhealthy stress and and illness. Other types of environmental states trigger a positive healthy reward pleasure for the healthy mind balance.  People can blame a gene predisposition ; while environmental conditions will cast the patient into the demension of recovery to robust mental health return to dehabilitating psycho social dysfunction. An antisocial approach to patient health and recovery can trigger a more horrifc illness to the patient. Know yourself. it may take decades to find yourself after you ve dropped off balance. Know the material you are dealing with. Know that environmental factors do cause a psycho physiological reaction for the good and/or for the worse. Understand the dynamics that interact in your lifestyle that may contribute to healthy and unhealthy behavior response patterns. Be careful of botched medication designs that may throw you into the bounds of having to crawl out of a morass of human experimentation disfavorable to the patient. Sometimes commonsense is a better friend than the dictator who throws prescriptions at the patients... who in turn ditches the patients upon immature social workers or hobby psychologists. We have our personal mental barriers in life; but we also are exposed to a mad mad world. Sometimes it really them and its not you who has created all the high drama trauma. Blaiming and disposing of the patient is sometimes really a dodge by those who put you where you are and by those who will not face the truth and fix the problem. Sometimes its your employer, your partner, your organization that has got the problem. The patient may reflect the illness of a company by becoming ill. Understand not many of us...not many at all were born crazy. Mental illness is cause by many factors and by many vectors of illness. Sometimes if people didn't know what your were thinking they would not know how to harm you so easily by their antisocial behavior. The antisocial culture of a government, a society, a culture contribute to patients illnesses. Sometimes young people will move out to escape the dysfunctional behavior of their own family. SOmetimes young people will evolve and heal and sometimes they may be caught in a web of repeated family horros in a controlled envireonment they may not be aboe to escape. Picking on a patient or a target until he falls apart is really a harmful injustice to humanity. Social and psychological abuse of people should be outlawed. Often the patients break down is attributed to the way they were treated not only in the past but in the present. Abusers sometimes can spot or hone in on the traits of individuals who have been victims of abuse. The streesors may make it a folk way or organizational established cue to abuse the target as a means of mind control. he target may eventually be driven into a cascade of illness; a reflection of job stress and a social pecking order of hazing and harrassment. After the destruction of the patient; the organization or the abusers will write unsavoray evaluations. The abusers proceed attacking their target with a created hell on earth environment both suttle and bold. The patient is outcast from the corporate social structure... The abusers ritually dump the victim patient into the street casting the blame on the patient. The sickest nastiest people wear the mask and beat up on others. Your controllers who have meddled in the harmony of your life may be the real devilish sickos causing the trauma.  Break away from them and run like hell. Get a friendly lawyer if you want and always get a patient friendly doctor to treat you. Any time you sense a red flag signal that your therapist is sick and harmful ...get the hell away from them before they do worse damage to you.  Physician Heal Thyself.

    Reply
  4. Bi-Polar Minded
    Dr Nick
    Thursday, June 18, 2009 at 10:50 AM

    Well John what a change !  Bi PolarMind ed sounds appropriate!

     

    See you in a Couple of Months at DBSA Conference ?

    Reply
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