HealthCentralcm.own.healthcentralgeneralhealth77nonenone2001Healthcentral.com is one of the most trusted sources of medical information and up to date news and contains a doctor-approved health encyclopedia of diseases and conditions, the ability to find symptoms and treatments. Also drug information with side effects and interactions./home/sites/healthcentralwww.healthcentral.com/HealthCentral : CystsCysts - Diseases and Conditions, Treatments, General Health InformationCysts - Diseases and Conditions, Treatments, General Health InformationcancerHealthCentralDiseasesCystshttp://www.healthcentral.com/channel/408/1121.htmlhttp://www.healthcentral.com/channel/408/1121_pf.htmlChannel Page179518Cysts1121.htmlCystsADAM Encyclopedia (more_index_1_8_7)Thyroid nodule2006-11-04 00:54:56.0ADAM2010-05-07 17:51:42.0Thyroid noduleThyroid noduleThyroid noduleThyroid noduleMalignancyThyroid cancerMultiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) IIMedullary carcinoma of thyroidLaryngeal nerve damageChronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s disease)Gynecologic laparoscopyGynecologic laparoscopy2006-11-04 00:52:58.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:26:46.0Gynecologic laparoscopyGynecologic laparoscopyGynecologic laparoscopyGynecologic laparoscopyPelvic laparoscopy1109 41109 5Laparoscopy is performed when less-invasive surgery is desired. It is also called "band-aid" surgery because only small incisions need to be made to accomodate the small surgical instruments that are used to view the abdominal contents and perform the surgery.Ovarian cystsOvarian cancerPelvic laparoscopyTubal ligationAnesthesiaPain medicationsIn vitro fertilization (IVF)Ectopic pregnancyHysterectomyTransvaginal ultrasoundTransvaginal ultrasound2006-11-04 00:47:55.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:39:28.0Transvaginal ultrasoundTransvaginal ultrasoundTransvaginal ultrasoundTransvaginal ultrasoundTransvaginal ultrasound9987 49987 5Transvaginal ultrasound is a method of imaging the genital tract in females. A hand held probe is inserted directly into the vagina. The probe is moved within the vaginal cavity to scan the pelvic structures, while ultrasound pictures are viewed on a monitor. The test can be performed to evaluate women with infertility problems, abnormal bleeding, sources of unexplained pain, congenital malformations of the uterus and ovaries, and possible tumors and infection.Ultrasound in pregnancy1110 41110 5The ultrasound has become a standard procedure used during pregnancy. It can demonstrate fetal growth and can detect increasing numbers of conditions in the fetus including meningomyelocele, congenital heart disease, kidney abnormalities, hydrocephalus, anencephaly, club feet, and other deformities. Ultrasound does not produce ionizing radiation and is considered a very safe procedure for both the mother and the fetus.Uterus19263 419263 5The uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and rectum. The ovaries produce the eggs that travel through the fallopian tubes. Once the egg has left the ovary it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the uterus. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the developing fetus prior to birth.Female reproductive anatomy1112 41112 5External structures of the female reproductive anatomy include the labium minora and majora, the vagina and the clitoris. Internal structures include the uterus, ovaries and cervix.CervixVaginaPregnancy ultrasoundOvarian cystsUterine fibroidsEctopic pregnancyTransilluminationTransillumination2006-11-04 00:38:33.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:32:23.0TransilluminationTransilluminationTransilluminationTransilluminationInfant brain test9854 49854 5Transillumination is the shining of a bright light through a body cavity or organ for diagnostic purposes. Transilllumination can be used on the head, scrotum, or chest in the premature or newborn infant, or the breast in an adult female.CystCollapsed lungChest x-rayScrotumHydrocephalusHydroceleCystCysts2006-11-04 00:35:29.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:54:53.0CystCystLymph systemTrichinosisEchinococcusPilonidal dimpleGenital sores - femaleGenital sores - female2006-11-04 00:35:09.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:41:08.0Genital sores - femaleGenital sores - femaleGenital sores - femaleGenital sores (female)17066 417066 5Sores or lesions on the female genitalia may have many causes. Often, the lesions of most concern are those seen with sexually transmitted diseases.ChancroidGenital herpesGranuloma inguinaleMolluscum contagiosumSyphilisGenital wartsMelanomaSquamous cell skin cancerVulvovaginitisGonorrheaVaginal yeast infectionLeg painLeg pain2006-11-04 00:34:27.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:32:40.0Leg painLeg painLeg painLower leg muscles17238 417238 5The muscular components of the lower leg include the gastrocnemius, soleus, peroneus longus, tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, and the achilles tendon.Shin splints19482 419482 5Shin splints is the common name for the medical condition called medial tibial stress syndrome in which pain occurs along the tibia (shin bone) in the front of the lower leg. The pain is a result of small tears in the area the lower leg muscles' attachment to the tibia. Shin splints are typically caused from intense or vigorous athletic activity and can be resolved with adequate rest, stretching and modifying your exercise routine.Retrocalcaneal bursitis9830 49830 5Retrocalcaneal bursitis is an inflammation of the bursa at the back of the heel bone. A bursa is a fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion and a lubricant between tendons and muscles sliding over bone. Repetitive or over use of the ankle, by doing excessive walking, running, or jumping, can cause this bursa to become irritated and inflamed. Symptoms of bursitis include pain in the heel, especially with walking, running or when the area is touched.Leg pain (Osgood-Schlatter)17240 417240 5Leg pain in older children or young adolescents can occur for many reasons. An Osgood-Schlatter lesion results from continued trauma to the anterior tibial bone and causes a visible lump below the knee.Varicose veins19705 419705 5Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted, painful superficial veins resulting from poorly functioning valves. Varicose veins usually occur in the veins of the legs, although it may occur elsewhere. It is a common condition, affecting mostly women.Blockage of leg arteriesFoot painKnee painJoint painHip painMuscle achesCharley horseStrainsTendinitisShin splintsDeep venous thrombosisOsteomyelitisCellulitisArthritisGoutPeripheral neuropathyNumbness and tinglingVaricose veinsLegg-Calve-Perthes diseaseOsteosarcomaSlipped capital femoral epiphysisPainful menstrual periodsDo you feel sharp pain during menstruation? Click to learn more about painful menstrual periods.Painful menstrual periods2006-11-04 00:33:52.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:29:34.0Painful menstrual periodsPainful menstrual periodsPainful menstrual periodsPainful periods (dysmenorrhea)17054 417054 5Primary dysmenorrhea is a normal cramping of the lower abdomen caused by hormone-induced uterine contractions before the period. Secondary dysmenorrhea may be caused by abnormal conditions such as endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease. Unless one of these potentially serious conditions is present, the treatment for painful periods is pain relief. If a hormone imbalance is detected, birth control pills may restore the proper hormone levels.Relieving PMS17124 417124 5The cause of premenstrual syndrome is not known but severe symptoms have been shown to be responsive to lifestyle changes. Getting exercise several times a week, eating a balanced diet, getting adequate sleep, and reducing or eliminating caffeine and alcohol are some of the changes most often recommended.Uterus19263 419263 5The uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and rectum. The ovaries produce the eggs that travel through the fallopian tubes. Once the egg has left the ovary it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the uterus. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the developing fetus prior to birth.Female reproductive anatomy1112 41112 5External structures of the female reproductive anatomy include the labium minora and majora, the vagina and the clitoris. Internal structures include the uterus, ovaries and cervix.Stress and anxietyEndometriosisUterine fibroidsOvarian cystsPelvic inflammatory disease (PID)Premenstrual syndromeStools - pale or clay-coloredStools - pale or clay colored2006-11-04 00:33:29.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:20:23.0Stools - pale or clay-coloredStools - pale or clay-coloredStools - pale or clay-coloredLower digestive anatomy8735 48735 5Food passes from the stomach into the small intestine. In the small intestine all nutrient absorption occurs. Whatever has not been absorbed by the small intestine passes into the colon. In the colon most of the water is absorbed from the food residue. The residue is then eliminated from the body as feces.Sclerosing cholangitisBilePrimary biliary cirrhosisHepatitisAbdominal painAbdominal pain2006-11-04 00:33:19.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:14:49.0Abdominal painAbdominal painAbdominal painDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Anatomical landmarks, front view1070 41070 5There are three body views (front, back and side) that may be helpful if you are uncertain of a body area. Many areas are referred to by both descriptive and technical names. For example, the back of the knee is called the popliteal fossa. However, areas like the "flank" may not have both names, so the location may be unclear.Appendicitis19580 419580 5The appendix is a small finger-shaped tube that branches off the first part of the large intestine. The appendix can become inflamed or infected causing pain in the lower right part of the abdomen.Kidney function19615 419615 5Blood from the aorta reaches the kidneys so it can be filtered and cleaned. Among other functions, the kidneys remove toxins, metabolic waste, and excess ions from the blood which leaves the body in the form of urine.Abdominal quadrants19578 419578 5Since the abdominal area contains many different organs it is divided in smaller areas. One division method, uses one median sagittal plane and one transverse plane that passes through the umbilicus at right angles. This method divides the abdomen into four quadrants. Medical personnel can easily refer to these quadrants when describing pain or injury regarding a victim.Abdominal organs19574 419574 5The process of digesting food is accomplished by many organs in the body. Food is pushed by the esophagus into the stomach. The stomach mixes the food and begins the breakdown of proteins. The stomach propels the food then into the small intestine. The small intestine further digests food and begins the absorption of nutrients. Secretions from the pancreas in the small intestine help neutralize the acid in the intestine to provide a proper environment for the enzymes to function. Bile from the gallbladder and liver emulsify fat and enhance the absorption of fatty acids. The large intestine temporarily stores and concentrates the remainder until it is passed out as waste from the body.AppendicitisIntestinal obstructionAcute cholecystitisGallstonesConstipationAortic dissectionDiverticulitisFood allergyFood poisoningGastroesophageal reflux in infantsHeartburnIndigestionGroin lumpCrohn's diseaseUlcerative colitisIntussusception (children)Irritable bowel syndromeKidney stonesLactose intoleranceGiardiasisSickle cell anemiaUlcersUrinary tract infection - adultsViral gastroenteritisPeritonitisColic and cryingPainful menstrual periodsEndometriosisUterine fibroidsOvarian cystsOvarian cancerPelvic inflammatory disease (PID)PneumoniaColon cancerSomatization disorderStrep throatBack pain - lowBack pain - low2006-11-04 00:33:06.0ADAM2009-11-05 06:17:57.0Back pain - lowBack pain - lowBack pain - lowLumbar vertebrae9538 49538 5There are five lumbar vertebrae located in the lower back.OsteoporosisHerniated diskSpinal stenosisStrainsScoliosisKyphosisFibromyalgiaUrinary tract infection - adultsKidney stonesEndometriosisOvarian cancerOvarian cystsTesticular torsionArmpit lumpArmpit lump2006-11-04 00:32:57.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:13:44.0Armpit lumpArmpit lumpArmpit lumpSwollen lymph nodes under arm8623 48623 5Lymph nodes can become swollen as an immune response to local infection.Female Breast1075 4An illustration of the female breast1075 5The female breast is either of two mammary glands (organs of milk secretion) on the chest.Lymphatic system1104 41104 5The lymphatic system filters fluid from around cells. It is an important part of the immune system. When people refer to swollen glands in the neck, they are usually referring to swollen lymph nodes. Common areas where lymph nodes can be easily felt, especially if they are enlarged, are: the groin, armpits (axilla), above the clavicle (supraclavicular), in the neck (cervical), and the back of the head just above hairline (occipital).MalignancyBreast lump self examBreast cancerCystAbscessImmunizations - general overviewTumorLymphadenitisHodgkin’s lymphomaNon-Hodgkin's lymphomaSporotrichosisSkin lumpsAllergic reactionsMeaslesMumpsAIDSChickenpoxMononucleosisShinglesNeck lumpNeck lump2006-11-04 00:32:56.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:27:58.0Neck lumpNeck lumpNeck lumpNeck lump9527 49527 5The most frequently seen lumps or swellings in the neck are enlarged lymph nodes. This can be caused by bacterial or viral infections, malignancy, and other rare causes.Lymphatic system1104 41104 5The lymphatic system filters fluid from around cells. It is an important part of the immune system. When people refer to swollen glands in the neck, they are usually referring to swollen lymph nodes. Common areas where lymph nodes can be easily felt, especially if they are enlarged, are: the groin, armpits (axilla), above the clavicle (supraclavicular), in the neck (cervical), and the back of the head just above hairline (occipital).Swollen lymph nodesMalignancyTorticollisCystSebaceous cystThyroid diseasesPharyngitisCat scratch diseasePeritonsillar abscessStrep throatPulmonary tuberculosisHodgkin’s lymphomaLeukemiaOral cancerNon-Hodgkin's lymphomaThyroid cancerGoiter - simpleGraves diseaseAIDSHIV InfectionMononucleosisRubellaPharyngitis - viralAllergic reactionsDrug allergiesFood allergyMumpsTumorIntestinal obstruction repairIntestinal obstruction repair2006-11-04 00:29:46.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:39:24.0Intestinal obstruction repairIntestinal obstruction repairIntestinal obstruction repairIntestinal obstruction repairIntestinal obstruction repair - series2007-03-27 13:09:04.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:39:24.0Intestinal obstruction (Pediatric) - series2007-03-27 13:09:32.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:39:24.0Before and after small intestine anastomosis8924 48924 5In all cases of intestinal obstruction, the intestine involved is carefully examined. If any parts of the intestine look unhealthy from lack of blood flow during the period of obstruction, they are removed and the healthy ends are reconnected. A patient's recovery depends on the cause of the intestinal obstruction and the length of time prior to relief of the obstruction. The outcome is usually good if the obstruction is treated before damage (ischemia) or death (necrosis) of the bowel occurs.Intussusception - X-ray1172 41172 5This abdominal x-ray shows an intestinal condition in which a loop of bowel has slipped into another section of bowel (intussusception), causing swelling, reduced blood flow, obstruction, and tissue damage. Intussusception requires emergency treatment (barium enema or surgery) to prevent intestinal tissue death (necrosis), intestinal perforation, peritonitis, and death.PeritonitisColostomyIntestinal obstructionLarge bowel resectionAbdomen - swollenAdhesionCystIntussusception (children)Ovarian growthsOvarian growths2006-11-04 00:20:46.0ADAM2007-10-20 15:57:13.0Ovarian growthsOvarian growthsOvarian growth worries17109 417109 5Prior to menopause, a mass on the ovary that is smaller than 2 centimeters is probably a follicle cyst that will go away on its own. However, if the growth is larger and doesn't go away over the course of a few menstrual cycles, then it may need to be removed.Ascites with ovarian cancer, CT scan1151 41151 5This CT scan of the lower abdomen shows a massive amount of free abdominal fluid (ascites) in a patient with ovarian cancer.Ovarian cyst9725 49725 5An ovarian cyst is a sac filled with fluid, or a semisolid material, that develops on or within the ovary. Ovarian cysts are relatively common and usually disappear without treatment.Ovarian cystsMucous cystMucous cyst2006-11-04 00:18:07.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:51:46.0Mucous cystMucous cystMucous cystMucous cystMouth sores9672 49672 5Mouth ulcers are caused by many disorders. These include canker sores, leukoplakia, gingivostomatitis, oral cancer, oral lichen planus, oral thrush, and similar disorders.CystEpstein pearlsEpstein pearls2006-11-04 00:17:31.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:35:38.0Epstein pearlsEpstein pearlsEpstein pearlsEpstein pearlsMiliaNabothian cystNabothian cyst2006-11-04 00:16:04.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:31:20.0Nabothian cystNabothian cystNabothian cystNabothian cystNabothian cyst17090 417090 5The cervix is lined with glands that normally secrete mucus. These endocervical glands can become filled with secretions that accumulate as a pimple-like elevation called Nabothian cysts. These cysts are not a threat to health and no treatment is necessary.CervixVaginal cystsVaginal cysts2006-11-04 00:15:58.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:31:01.0Vaginal cystsVaginal cystsVaginal cystsVaginal cystsNormal uterine anatomy (cut section)8608 48608 5The uterus is a muscular organ with thick walls, two upper openings to the fallopian tubes and an inferior opening to the vagina.Uterus19263 419263 5The uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and rectum. The ovaries produce the eggs that travel through the fallopian tubes. Once the egg has left the ovary it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the uterus. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the developing fetus prior to birth.Female reproductive anatomy1112 41112 5External structures of the female reproductive anatomy include the labium minora and majora, the vagina and the clitoris. Internal structures include the uterus, ovaries and cervix.CystVaginaBenignOvarian cystsOvarian cysts2006-11-04 00:15:53.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:30:22.0Ovarian cystsOvarian cystsOvarian cystsOvarian cystsUterine anatomy9988 49988 5The ovaries, the uterine tubes and the urterus of the female reproductive tract.Ovarian cysts17108 417108 5Typically, ovarian cysts are functional (not disease-related) and usually disappear on their own within 60 days. Oral contraceptives may be prescribed to help establish normal cycles.Uterus19263 419263 5The uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and rectum. The ovaries produce the eggs that travel through the fallopian tubes. Once the egg has left the ovary it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the uterus. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the developing fetus prior to birth.Female reproductive anatomy1112 41112 5External structures of the female reproductive anatomy include the labium minora and majora, the vagina and the clitoris. Internal structures include the uterus, ovaries and cervix.CystMenopauseOvarian cancerPolycystic ovary diseaseBasal cell nevus syndromeBasal cell nevus syndrome2006-11-03 23:32:25.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:23:07.0Basal cell nevus syndromeBasal cell nevus syndromeBasal cell nevus syndromeBasal cell nevus syndromeBasal cell nevus syndrome - face3191 43191 5The basal cell nevus syndrome has associated with it odontogenic cysts of the jaws, pitted depressions of the hands and feet (tiny basal cells), and osseous anomalies of the skeleton. Care is given by removal of the carcinomata on a regular basis and genetic counseling, since this is an autosomal dominatly inherited disorder.Basal cell nevus syndrome - plantar pits2372 42372 5Basal cell nevus syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by wide-set eyes, saddle nose, frontal bossing (prominent forehead), prognathism (prominent chin), and skeletal abnormalities. Skin manifestations include pits in the palms and soles, and numerous basal cell carcinomas (skin cancers). This picture is a close-up of the pits found on the sole of the foot of an individual with basal cell nevus syndrome.Basal cell nevus syndrome - close-up of palm1945 41945 5Basal cell nevus syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by wide-set eyes, saddle nose, frontal bossing (prominent forehead), prognathism (prominent chin), numerous basal cell carcinomas, and skeletal abnormalities. Skin manifestations include pits in the palms and soles, and numerous basal cell carcinomas. This picture is a close-up of the pits found in the palm of an individual with basal cell nevus syndrome.Basal cell nevus syndrome - face and hand2373 42373 5Basal cell nevus syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by wide-set eyes, saddle nose, frontal bossing (prominent forehead), prognathism (prominent chin), numerous basal cell carcinomas (a type of skin cancer), and skeletal abnormalities. This individual has multiple flesh-colored, dome-shaped bumps on the face which are basal cell cancers, and palmar pits.Basal cell nevus syndrome3190 43190 5Basal cell nevus syndrome is an inherited disorder which inclines the patient to development of multiple basal cell carcinomas, most prevalent for unknown reasons around the eyes and nose. Here they appear as slightly larger than pinpoint papules on the eye lid.Basal cell carcinomaHydrocephalusSeizuresMental retardationBrain tumor - childrenCystScoliosisKyphosisEndocrine glandsAutosomal dominantBranchial cleft cystBranchial cleft cyst (cleft sinus)2006-11-03 23:31:20.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:17:48.0Branchial cleft cystBranchial cleft cystBranchial cleft cystCystFetal developmentMalignant teratomaMalignant teratoma2006-11-03 23:29:51.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:11:44.0Malignant teratomaMalignant teratomaMalignant teratomaMalignant teratomaMalignant teratoma8859 48859 5A malignant teratoma is a type of cancer consisting of cysts that contain one or more of the three primary embryonic germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Because malignant teratomas have usually spread by the time of diagnosis, systemic chemotherapy is needed. The prognosis for people with malignant teratomas is based on the size of the tumor, its location and the age of the patient.Teratoma - MRI scan1203 41203 5This MRI scan shows a tumor (teratoma) at the base of the spine (seen on the left lower edge of the screen), located in the sacrum and coccyx (sacrococcygeal) area. Teratomas are present at birth and may contain hair, teeth, and other tissues.CystBaker’s cystBaker’s cyst2006-11-03 23:28:15.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:06:04.0Baker’s cystBaker’s cystBaker’s cystBaker’s cystBaker's cyst19646 419646 5A baker's cyst is seen as a swelling behind the knee. It forms when joint fluid collects behind the knee. The swelling may be due from inflammation or from other causes, like arthritis. The condition can be seen in both adults and children.CystInfertilityInfertility2006-11-03 23:27:46.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:03:03.0InfertilityInfertilityInfertilityInfertilitySperm19471 419471 5The male reproductive system creates sperm that is manufactured in the seminiferous tubules within each testicle. The head of the sperm contains the DNA, which when combined with the egg's DNA, will create a new individual. The tip of the sperm head is the portion called the acrosome, which enables the sperm to penetrate the egg. The midpiece contains the mitochondria which supplies the energy the tail needs to move. The tail moves with whip-like movements back and forth to propel the sperm towards the egg. The sperm have to reach the uterus and the fallopian tube in order to fertilize a woman's egg.Male reproductive anatomy1113 41113 5The male reproductive structures include the penis, the scrotum, the seminal vesicles and the prostate.Pelvic laparoscopy1109 41109 5Laparoscopy is performed when less-invasive surgery is desired. It is also called "band-aid" surgery because only small incisions need to be made to accomodate the small surgical instruments that are used to view the abdominal contents and perform the surgery.Female reproductive anatomy1112 41112 5External structures of the female reproductive anatomy include the labium minora and majora, the vagina and the clitoris. Internal structures include the uterus, ovaries and cervix.Primary infertility17074 417074 5Primary infertility is a term used to describe a couple that has never been able to conceive a pregnancy after a minimum of 1 year of attempting to do so through unprotected intercourse. Causes of infertility include a wide range of physical as well as emotional factors.Semen analysisCervixOrchitisEpididymitisVaricoceleDysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)Autoimmune disordersOvarian cystsPolycystic ovary diseasePelvic inflammatory disease (PID)Erection problemsRetrograde ejaculationOvarian overproduction of androgensOvarian overproduction of androgens2006-11-03 23:27:18.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:01:18.0Ovarian overproduction of androgensOvarian overproduction of androgensOvarian overproduction of androgensOvarian overproduction of androgensOverproductive ovaries17112 417112 5If the ovaries produce too much androgen (hormones such as testosterone), a woman may develop male characteristics. This ovarian imbalance can be caused by tumors in the ovaries or adrenal glands, or by polycystic ovarian syndrome. Hyperandrogenism may include growth of excess body and facial hair, acne, amenorrhea (loss of menstrual periods), and changes in body shape. Virilization can occur with ovarian and adrenal tumors and includes deepening of the voice, male pattern balding, and increased muscle mass.Follicle development8652 48652 5This illustration shows the normal stages of egg development in the ovary. The stages are shown in a clockwise direction starting with the primordial follicle.TestosteroneBenign ear cyst or tumorBenign ear cyst or tumor2006-11-03 23:25:02.0ADAM2009-11-05 10:52:08.0Benign ear cyst or tumorBenign ear cyst or tumorBenign ear cyst or tumorBenign ear cyst or tumorEar anatomy1092 41092 5The ear consists of external, middle, and inner structures. The eardrum and the three tiny bones conduct sound from the eardrum to the cochlea.Sebaceous cystCystBenignEyelid bumpEyelid bump2006-11-03 23:24:41.0ADAM2009-11-05 10:50:34.0Eyelid bumpEyelid bumpEyelid bumpEyelid bumpEye1094 41094 5The eye is the organ of sight, a nearly spherical hollow globe filled with fluids (humors). The outer layer or tunic (sclera, or white, and cornea) is fibrous and protective. The middle tunic layer (choroid, ciliary body and the iris) is vascular. The innermost layer (the retina) is nervous or sensory. The fluids in the eye are divided by the lens into the vitreous humor (behind the lens) and the aqueous humor (in front of the lens). The lens itself is flexible and suspended by ligaments which allow it to change shape to focus light on the retina, which is composed of sensory neurons.Stye1117 41117 5A stye is a relatively common infection. Styes are often caused by staphylococcus and occur in the glands that open onto the lid margin. They are red, swollen, and painful.ChalazionBlepharitisEye rednessXanthomaAcneSee pictures of different types of acne and learn about its causes (Turns out you can eat chocolate after all!).Acne2006-11-03 23:22:28.0ADAM2009-11-05 10:41:35.0AcneAcneAcneAcneBlackheads (comedones)2087 42087 5Blackheads, or open comedones, are common in acne. Clogged hair follicles reflect light irregularly to produce this black hue.Acne on the back2929 42929 5Acne affects the areas of the skin that contain sebaceous glands, including the face, upper chest, and back. Acne occurs most commonly during adolescence. Many new treatment regimens are available for acne, especially for the most severe types.Acne, cystic on the chest2355 42355 5Cystic acne may occur across the upper chest as well as on the back.Blackheads (comedones) close-up2088 42088 5Blackheads, or open comedones, are common in acne. Clogged hair follicles reflect light irregularly to produce this black hue.Acne, cystic on the back2646 42646 5Cystic acne, or nodulocystic acne, is the most severe form of acne. Both pustules and red bumps are present in the skin and scarring can be seen. The back is a common site for acne.Baby acne19645 419645 5Baby acne is usually seen on the cheeks, chin, and forehead. It can be present at birth but usually develops around 3 to 4 weeks of age. Baby acne occurs when hormonal changes in the body stimulate oil glands in the baby's skin. The condition can look worse when the baby is crying or fussy, or any other instance that increases blood flow to the skin. Baby acne is harmless and usually resolves on its own within several weeks.Hair follicle sebaceous gland19666 419666 5Each pore on the surface of the skin is an opening to a canal called a follicle. The follicle also contains a hair and an oil gland (sebaceous gland). The oil gland helps remove old skin cells, keeps the skin lubricated, and prevents drying of tissues.Acne, cystic on the face2356 42356 5The face is the most common location of acne. Here, there are 4 to 6 millimeter red (erythematous) pustules, some with bridging scars and fistulous tract formation (connecting passages). Severe acne may have a profound psychological impact and may cause scarring. Effective treatments are available for this type of acne.Acne, vulgaris on the back2357 42357 5Acne frequently occurs on the back. Here, there are 2 to 6 millimeter wide erythematous (red) pustules with large open and closed comedones. Permanent scarring may follow a severe case of acne. Men are more often affected on their shoulders and back than are women.Adult facial acne8614 48614 5Acne may persist into adulthood.Acne - close-up of pustular lesions2085 42085 5Acne lesions frequently contain pus. This close-up photograph shows small acne pustules with surrounding inflammation (erythema).Acne, close-up of cysts on the back2643 42643 5Cystic acne, or nodulocystic acne, is the most severe form of acne. Both pustules and hard red bumps are present in the skin. This form of acne is more difficult to treat and often requires taking an oral vitamin A derivative.WhiteheadBlackheadsCystTestosteroneSebaceous cystSebaceous cyst2006-11-03 23:21:57.0ADAM2009-11-05 10:39:15.0Sebaceous cystSebaceous cystSebaceous cystSebaceous cystHair follicle anatomy9703 49703 5At the base of the hair follicle are sensory nerve fibers that wrap around each hair bulb. Bending the hair stimulates the nerve endings allowing a person to feel that the hair has been moved. One of the main functions of hair is to act as a sensitive touch receptor. Sebaceous glands are also associated with each hair follicle that produce an oily secretion to help condition the hair and surrounding skin.CarbuncleCystFuruncleBrain tumor - childrenPrimary brain tumor2006-11-03 23:20:24.0ADAM2009-11-05 10:31:18.0Brain tumor - childrenBrain tumor - childrenBrain tumor - childrenBrain tumor - childrenBrain1074 41074 5The major areas of the brain have one or more specific functions.Primary brain tumor8893 48893 5A primary brain tumor is a mass created by the growth or uncontrolled proliferation of cells in the brain.Metastatic brain tumorBrain tumor - adultsInvasiveBenignMalignancyIncreased intracranial pressureCraniopharyngiomaPituitary tumorPituitary tumor2006-11-03 23:19:22.0ADAM2009-11-05 10:21:13.0Pituitary tumorPituitary tumorPituitary tumorPituitary tumorEndocrine glands1093 41093 5Endocrine glands release hormones (chemical messengers) into the bloodstream to be transported to various organs and tissues throughout the body. For instance, the pancreas secretes insulin, which allows the body to regulate levels of sugar in the blood. The thyroid gets instructions from the pituitary to secrete hormones which determine the pace of chemical activity in the body (the more hormone in the bloodstream, the faster the chemical activity; the less hormone, the slower the activity).Pituitary gland200093 4Endocrine glandsHypothyroidismTSHCushing syndromeACTHGigantismAcromegalyGrowth hormone testProlactinomaProlactinHypopituitarismMultiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) ICraniopharyngiomaCystCancerEchinococcusEchinococcus2006-11-03 23:18:59.0ADAM2009-11-05 10:17:45.0EchinococcusEchinococcusEchinococcusEchinococcusAntibodies9069 49069 5Antigens are large molecules (usually proteins) on the surface of cells, viruses, fungi, bacteria, and some non-living substances such as toxins, chemicals, drugs, and foreign particles. The immune system recognizes antigens and produces antibodies that destroy substances containing antigens.Liver echinococcus - CT scan1177 41177 5This upper abdominal CT scan shows multiple cysts in the liver, caused by dog tapeworm (echinococcus). Note the large circular cyst (seen on the left side of the screen) and multiple smaller cysts throughout the liver.Physical examinationCystTrichinosisTrichinosis2006-11-03 23:18:22.0ADAM2009-11-05 10:13:26.0TrichinosisTrichinosisTrichinosisTrichinosisDigestive system organs8710 48710 5The digestive system organs in the abdominal cavity include the liver, gallbladder, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.Trichinella spiralis in human muscle2638 42638 5This is the parasite Trichinella spiralis in human muscle tissue. The parasite is transmitted by eating undercooked meats, especially pork. The cysts hatch in the intestines and produce large numbers of larvae that migrate into muscle tissue. The cysts may cause muscle pain and swelling in the face and around the eyes.CysticercosisCysticercosis2006-11-03 23:18:17.0ADAM2009-11-05 10:13:08.0CysticercosisCysticercosisCysticercosisCysticercosisDigestive system organs8710 48710 5The digestive system organs in the abdominal cavity include the liver, gallbladder, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.CystTaeniasisPolycystic kidney diseasePolycystic kidney disease2006-11-03 23:16:35.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:57:24.0Polycystic kidney diseasePolycystic kidney diseasePolycystic kidney diseasePolycystic kidney diseaseLiver and spleen cysts - CT scan1181 41181 5This abdominal CT scan shows multiple cysts in the liver and spleen. Note the dark circular cyst in the liver (left side of screen) and the large, irregular, circular cyst in the spleen (bottom, right side of screen).Kidney and liver cysts - CT scan1159 41159 5This abdominal CT scan shows cysts in the liver and kidneys (polycystic disease). The liver is the large organ on the left side of the screen. The dark spots in the liver are cysts.High blood pressureHypertensionAcute kidney failureLiver diseaseAutosomal dominantAutosomal recessiveCystErythropoietin testFlank painKidney stonesAneurysmTestesDiverticulitisMedullary cystic kidney diseaseMedullary cystic kidney disease2006-11-03 23:16:07.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:49:10.0Medullary cystic kidney diseaseMedullary cystic kidney diseaseMedullary cystic kidney diseaseMedullary cystic kidney diseaseKidney anatomy1101 41101 5The kidneys are responsible for removing wastes from the body, regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure, and stimulating red blood cell production.Kidney - blood and urine flow1704 41704 5This is the typical appearance of the blood vessels (vasculature) and urine flow pattern in the kidney. The blood vessels are shown in red and the urine flow pattern in yellow.Kidney cyst with gallstones, CT scan1173 41173 5A CT scan of the upper abdomen showing a fist-sized cyst of the left kidney and gallstones (the kidney cyst was found by chance; there were no symptoms).CystPolycystic ovary diseasePolycystic ovary disease2006-11-03 23:15:02.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:37:38.0Polycystic ovary diseasePolycystic ovary diseasePolycystic ovary diseasePolycystic ovary diseaseEndocrine glands1093 41093 5Endocrine glands release hormones (chemical messengers) into the bloodstream to be transported to various organs and tissues throughout the body. For instance, the pancreas secretes insulin, which allows the body to regulate levels of sugar in the blood. The thyroid gets instructions from the pituitary to secrete hormones which determine the pace of chemical activity in the body (the more hormone in the bloodstream, the faster the chemical activity; the less hormone, the slower the activity).Stein-Leventhal syndrome17209 417209 5Stein-Leventhal syndrome is an accumulation of incompletely developed follicles in the ovaries. The condition may be characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, absent menses, multiple cysts on the ovaries, and infertility.Follicle development8652 48652 5This illustration shows the normal stages of egg development in the ovary. The stages are shown in a clockwise direction starting with the primordial follicle.Uterus19263 419263 5The uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and rectum. The ovaries produce the eggs that travel through the fallopian tubes. Once the egg has left the ovary it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the uterus. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the developing fetus prior to birth.Pelvic laparoscopy1109 41109 5Laparoscopy is performed when less-invasive surgery is desired. It is also called "band-aid" surgery because only small incisions need to be made to accomodate the small surgical instruments that are used to view the abdominal contents and perform the surgery.Female reproductive anatomy1112 41112 5External structures of the female reproductive anatomy include the labium minora and majora, the vagina and the clitoris. Internal structures include the uterus, ovaries and cervix.Amenorrhea - primaryExcessive or unwanted hair in womenOvarian cystsInfertilityCholangiocarcinomaCholangiocarcinoma2006-11-03 23:14:17.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:27:53.0CholangiocarcinomaCholangiocarcinomaCholangiocarcinomaCholangiocarcinomaDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Bile pathway8794 48794 5The biliary system is comprised of the organs and duct system that create, transport, store and release bile into the duodenum for digestion. Includes the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts (named the cystic, hepatic, common, and pancreatic duct).ChronicBileTumorCystBiliary systemSclerosing cholangitisBile duct obstructionBiliary obstruction2006-11-03 23:13:55.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:24:32.0Bile duct obstructionBile duct obstructionBile duct obstructionBile duct obstructionDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Endocrine glands1093 41093 5Endocrine glands release hormones (chemical messengers) into the bloodstream to be transported to various organs and tissues throughout the body. For instance, the pancreas secretes insulin, which allows the body to regulate levels of sugar in the blood. The thyroid gets instructions from the pituitary to secrete hormones which determine the pace of chemical activity in the body (the more hormone in the bloodstream, the faster the chemical activity; the less hormone, the slower the activity).Biliary obstruction - seriesBiliary obstruction - series2007-03-27 13:09:46.0ADAM2010-02-05 11:32:26.0Bile pathway8794 48794 5The biliary system is comprised of the organs and duct system that create, transport, store and release bile into the duodenum for digestion. Includes the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts (named the cystic, hepatic, common, and pancreatic duct).CholesterolBileBilirubin - bloodJaundice - yellow skinGallstonesBiliary systemChronic pancreatitisPancreatic carcinomaGallbladder removal - openCholangiocarcinomaCholestasisCholestasis2006-11-03 23:13:31.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:19:01.0CholestasisCholestasisCholestasisCholestasisGallstones8790 48790 5The gallbladder is an organ that normally functions to store bile excreted from the liver. Bile is a solution composed of water, bile salts, lecithin, cholesterol and some other small solutes. Changes in the relative concentration of these components may cause precipitation from solution and formation of a nidus, or nest, around which gallstones are formed. Gallstones can become large and block the opening from the gallbladder or cystic duct. This produces pain in the right upper quadrant or midepigastrum (above the belly button) in the abdomen that feels like cramping.DiverticulitisSepsisBilePancreatitisAbscessSarcoidosisSjogren syndromeDrug-induced cholestasisAmebic liver abscessAmebic liver abscess2006-11-03 23:13:29.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:18:42.0Amebic liver abscessAmebic liver abscessAmebic liver abscessAmebic liver abscessLiver cell death8814 48814 5Organisms that carry disease can travel through the blood stream into the liver and form an abscess, a collection of infected tissue and pus.AmebiasisImmunodeficiency disordersBreast cancerView a collection of breast cancer procedure illustrations and read about the risk factors for the disease.Breast Cancer Risk Factors: Ethnicity, Race, Genes, and Family History2006-11-03 21:20:34.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:44:39.0Breast cancerBreast cancerBreast cancerBreast cancerBreast Lump Removal: Illustrated SeriesAn illustrated guide to removing breast lumps through surgeryIllustrated Guide to Breast Lump Removal2006-11-03 21:20:37.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:26:02.0Mammary gland17084 4An illustration of the mammary gland17084 5The anatomy of the breast includes the lactiferous, or milk ducts, and the mammary lobules.Mastectomy: An Illustrated IntroductionMastectomy may be needed, if cancer has spread significantly throughout the breast. Other surgical options are available for less invasive cancers.Mastectomy: An Illustrated Introduction2006-11-03 21:20:37.0ADAM2010-02-08 19:27:19.0Needle biopsy of the breast17016 4An illustration of a needle biopsy procedure17016 5A needle biopsy is performed under local anesthesia. Simple aspirations are performed with a small gauge needle to attempt to draw fluid from lumps that are thought to be cysts. Fine needle biopsy uses a larger needle to make multiple passes through a lump, drawing out tissue and fluid. Withdrawn fluid and tissue is further evaluated to determine if there are cancerous cells present.Breast self-exam17019 4Breast cancer can change the texture and contour of your breasts. Find out what to look for.17019 5Monthly breast self-exams should always include: visual inspection (with and without a mirror) to note any changes in contour or texture; and manual inspection in standing and reclining positions to note any unusual lumps or thicknesses.Sentinel node biopsy19305 4An illustration of a sentinel node biopsy19305 5Sentinel node biopsy is a technique which helps determine if a cancer has spread (metastasized), or is contained locally. When a cancer has been detected, often the next step is to find the lymph node closest to the tumor site and retrieve it for analysis. The concept of the "sentinel" node, or the first node to drain the area of the cancer, allows a more accurate staging of the cancer, and leaves unaffected nodes behind to continue the important job of draining fluids. The procedure involves the injection of a dye (sometimes mildly radioactive) to pinpoint the lymph node which is closest to the cancer site. Sentinel node biopsy is used to stage many kinds of cancer, including lung and skin (melanoma).Open biopsy of the breast17017 4An illustration of an open biopsy17017 5An open biopsy can be performed under local or general anesthesia and will leave a small scar. Prior to surgery, a radiologist often first marks the lump with a wire, making it easier for the surgeon to find.Breast self-exam17021 4Find out how to manually inspect your breasts while standing.17021 5Monthly breast self-exams should always include: visual inspection (with and without a mirror) to note any changes in contour or texture; and manual inspection in standing and reclining positions to note any unusual lumps or thicknesses.Female Breast1075 4An illustration of the female breast1075 5The female breast is either of two mammary glands (organs of milk secretion) on the chest.Breast self-exam17022 4Find out how to manually inspect your breasts while reclining.17022 5Monthly breast self-exams should always include: visual inspection (with and without a mirror) to note any changes in contour or texture; and manual inspection in standing and reclining positions to note any unusual lumps or thicknesses.Breast lumpLearn how breast tissue responds to hormonal changes and why it's normal for certain lumps to materialize and disappear.Breast Lumps, Types and Causes2006-11-03 21:20:34.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:44:41.0Breast lumpBreast lumpBreast lumpfalseSymptom FAQs: Breast Lumps
falseIllustrated Symptom FAQs: Changes in Breast and Nipple Texture, AppearancefalseCheck a SymptomBreast Lump Removal: Illustrated SeriesAn illustrated guide to removing breast lumps through surgeryIllustrated Guide to Breast Lump Removal2006-11-03 21:20:37.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:26:02.0Breast lumps17029 417029 5Less than one-fourth of all breast lumps are found to be cancerous, but benign breast disease can be difficult to distinguish from cancer. Consequently, all breast lumps should be checked by a health care professional.Fibrocystic breast disease17185 4An illustration of a fibrocystic breast17185 5Fibrocystic breast disease is a common and benign change within the breast characterized by a dense irregular and bumpy consistency in the breast tissue. Mammography or biopsy may be needed to rule out other disorders.Female Breast1075 4An illustration of the female breast1075 5The female breast is either of two mammary glands (organs of milk secretion) on the chest.Fibroadenoma19597 4An illustration of a fibroadenoma19597 5A fibroadenoma is a non-cancerous benign lump that is found in breast tissue. When felt under the skin, the lump may feel rubbery and easily moveable within the breast tissue. Fibroadenomas are commonly found in young women during their reproductive years.Fibrocystic breast diseaseFibroadenoma - breastCystBreast infectionBreast cancerMammographyBreast ultrasoundBreast biopsyIntraductal papillomaFYI (more_index_1_1_3)Health Tip: Breast CystsMost are noncancerous2007-05-23 00:00:00.0HealthDay2008-05-05 21:39:13.0Adenocarcinoma of the Lung and Brain MetastasesAmenorrheaAmniocentesisAmniocentesis and CVSZapping Vocal Tumors
Doctors are trading their knives in for a laser to remove tumors on the throat and vocal cords.Keep Away Ovarian Cancer
While most of the 22,000 women who are diagnosed with ovarian cancer each year respond to treatment, many of their cancers will return. A new therapy is helping keep that cancer away for good.Breakthrough for Fatal Lung Disease
A new gene therapy could mean the difference between life and death for people with pulmonary hypertension.Preventing Breast CancerCould a pill a day prevent breast cancer?
Breast ReductionThis video shows indicators for Beast Reduction or reduction mammoplasty. Breast Reduction surgery is done to reduce the weight, mass and size of the breasts.Self Breast ExamBreast Carcinoma or breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in middle-aged women. View this easy to follow video animation to learn how to perform a Breast Self Exam.Colon CancerBefore a true cancer develops, it usually begins as a non-cancerous growth called a polyp. This video animation shows where and how this cancer grows.Erectile DysfunctionErectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability of a man to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for his or his partner's sexual needs. Watch this video animation as it shows how blood flow and other factors affect this disorder.Actonel - Drug DescriptionRisedronateDetrol LA - Drug DescriptionTolterodineDiflucan - Drug DescriptionFluconazoleDitropan XL - Drug DescriptionOxybutyninBenignBreast cancer