HealthCentralcm.own.healthcentralgeneralhealth77nonenone2001Healthcentral.com is one of the most trusted sources of medical information and up to date news and contains a doctor-approved health encyclopedia of diseases and conditions, the ability to find symptoms and treatments. Also drug information with side effects and interactions./home/sites/healthcentralwww.healthcentral.com/HealthCentral : Eye/VisionEye/Vision - Diseases and Conditions, Treatments, General Health InformationEye/Vision - Diseases and Conditions, Treatments, General Health InformationEye/VisionvisionseniorhealthHealthCentralDiseasesEye/Visionhttp://www.healthcentral.com/channel/408/1139.htmlhttp://www.healthcentral.com/channel/408/1139_pf.htmlChannel Page179548Eye/Vision1139.htmlEye/VisionADAM Encyclopedia (more_index_1_8_7)LASIK eye surgeryLASIK eye surgery2006-11-04 00:52:59.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:38:32.0LASIK eye surgeryLASIK eye surgeryLASIK eye surgeryLASIK eye surgeryLasik eye surgery - seriesLasik eye surgery - series2007-03-27 13:09:52.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:30:06.0Refractive corneal surgeryRetinaNearsightednessAmblyopiaPresbyopiaAging changes in the sensesAging changes in the senses2006-11-04 00:52:38.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:44:44.0Aging changes in the sensesAging changes in the sensesSmelling200014 4Tasting200015 4Sense of sight8687 48687 5Vision occurs when light is processed by the eye and interpreted by the brain. Light passes through the transparent eye surface (cornea). The pupil (the black opening in the front of the eye) is an opening to the eye interior. It can get larger or smaller to regulate the amount of light entering the eye. The colored portion (iris) is really a muscle controlling the pupil size. The inside of the eye is filled with a gel-like fluid. There is a flexible, transparent lens that focuses light so it hits on the back of the eye (the retina). The retina converts light energy into a nerve impulse that is carried to the brain and then interpreted.Aged eye anatomy8688 48688 5With age, the lens may become misshaped and the corneal tissue may become clouded.Hearing aids8685 48685 5Some hearing loss is almost inevitable with age. It is estimated that 30% of all people over 65 have significant hearing impairment. Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound has problems getting through the external and middle ear. Surgery or a hearing aid may be helpful for this type of hearing loss.Tongue8686 48686 5The tongue is mainly composed of muscles. It is covered with a mucous membrane. Small nodules of tissue (papillae) cover the upper surface of the tongue. Between the papillae are the taste buds, which provide the sense of taste. In addition to taste, the tongue functions in moving food to aid chewing and swallowing, and it is important in speech.Hearing and the cochlea200057 4Aging changes in hearing8683 48683 5With aging, ear structures deteriorate. The eardrum often thickens and the inner ear bones and other structures are affected.Seeing200013 4Feeling pain200009 4Age-related hearing lossHearing lossWax blockageTinnitusIrisRetinaVisual acuity testPresbyopiaCataractVisual fieldPeripheralGlaucomaMacular degenerationDiabetic retinopathyTaste - impairedBrain surgeryConfusionDiabetesAppendicitisFrostbiteHypothermiaBurnsUlcersAging changes in organs - tissue - cellsAging changes in skinAging changes in the bones - muscles - jointsAging changes in the faceAging changes in the nervous systemAging changes in the faceAging changes in the face2006-11-04 00:52:32.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:21:10.0Aging changes in the faceAging changes in the faceChanges in face with age8665 48665 5Facial skin tends to wrinkle with age.WrinklesWax blockageEyelid droopingIrisAging changes in body shapeAging changes in hair and nailsAging changes in organs - tissue - cellsAging changes in skinDiabetes foot careDiabetes foot care2006-11-04 00:52:07.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:35:03.0Diabetes foot careDiabetes foot careDiabetic foot care8637 48637 5Diabetics must take special care of their fingers and toes to be sure they are receiving adequate blood supply.Diabetic foot care17149 417149 5People with diabetes are prone to foot problems because the disease can cause damage to the blood vessels and nerves, which may result in decreased ability to sense a trauma to the foot. The immune system is also altered, so that the diabetic cannot efficiently fight infection.NecrosisDiabetesDiabetic neuropathyFrostbiteERCPERCP2006-11-04 00:50:57.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:59:53.0ERCPERCPERCPERCPGallbladder endoscopy8775 48775 5An endoscope, a flexible fiberoptic scope with a light, is inserted through the mouth into the duodenum. A catheter is advanced through the endoscope and inserted into the pancreatic or biliary ducts. A contrast agent is injected into these ducts and X-rays are taken to evaluate their caliber, length and course. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is performed to identify any narrowing, stones, or tumors in the pancreatic or biliary ducts.ERCP19564 419564 5During an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, a catheter is advanced through the endoscope and inserted into the pancreatic or biliary ducts. A contrast agent is injected into these ducts and X-rays are taken to evaluate their caliber, length and course. Narrowing, stones, and tumors in the ducts can be identified in the X-rays.ERCP19213 419213 5Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an endoscopic procedure used to identify the presence of stones, tumors, or narrowing in the biliary and pancreatic ducts. After the endoscope is properly placed, a catheter is advanced which will inject a contrast agent through the ducts. The contrast is visible on X-rays, and allows a physician to evaluate the caliber, length and course of the ducts. An ERCP may be performed if a patient experiences symptoms such as jaundice, abdominal pain, fever, or malabsorption.Endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography (ERCP) - series2007-03-27 13:09:35.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:59:52.0Infant test/procedure preparationToddler test or procedure preparationPreschooler test or procedure preparationSchool age test or procedure preparationAdolescent test or procedure preparationFeverMalabsorptionBileEndoscopeDuodenumX-rayAbdominal painJaundice - yellow skinBiliary strictureChronic pancreatitisGallstonesVisual fieldVisual field2006-11-04 00:50:37.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:53:54.0Visual fieldVisual fieldVisual fieldVisual fieldVisual field test1143 41143 5Central and peripheral vision is tested by using visual field tests. Changes may indicate eye diseases, such as glaucoma or retinitis.Eye1094 41094 5The eye is the organ of sight, a nearly spherical hollow globe filled with fluids (humors). The outer layer or tunic (sclera, or white, and cornea) is fibrous and protective. The middle tunic layer (choroid, ciliary body and the iris) is vascular. The innermost layer (the retina) is nervous or sensory. The fluids in the eye are divided by the lens into the vitreous humor (behind the lens) and the aqueous humor (in front of the lens). The lens itself is flexible and suspended by ligaments which allow it to change shape to focus light on the retina, which is composed of sensory neurons.Fluorescein angiographyFluorescein angiography2006-11-04 00:49:48.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:31:31.0Fluorescein angiographyFluorescein angiographyFluorescein angiographyFluorescein angiographyRetinal dye injection9329 49329 5Retinal dye injection is used to determine if there is proper circulation in the retinal vessels in the eye. When dye is injected in a vein in the arm, a rapid series of photographs are taken. Among other things this test can detect problems such as blockages or tumors.RetinaChoroidRefraction testRefraction test2006-11-04 00:49:45.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:32:36.0Refraction testRefraction testRefraction testRefraction testNormal vision9925 49925 5Normal vision occurs when light is focused directly on the retina rather than in front or behind it.NearsightednessFarsightednessAstigmatismPresbyopiaVision problemsLymphangiogramLymphangiogram2006-11-04 00:48:32.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:42:15.0LymphangiogramLymphangiogramLymphangiogramLymphangiogramLymphangiogram9605 49605 5A lymphangiogram is used to evaluate the possible spread of cancers and the effectiveness of cancer therapy. The X-rays may also help determine the cause of swelling in an arm or leg and check for parasitic diseases.Lymphatic system1104 41104 5The lymphatic system filters fluid from around cells. It is an important part of the immune system. When people refer to swollen glands in the neck, they are usually referring to swollen lymph nodes. Common areas where lymph nodes can be easily felt, especially if they are enlarged, are: the groin, armpits (axilla), above the clavicle (supraclavicular), in the neck (cervical), and the back of the head just above hairline (occipital).CancerX-rayLymph systemAllergic reactionsHodgkin’s lymphomaNon-Hodgkin's lymphomaHome vision testsHome vision tests2006-11-04 00:39:43.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:25:08.0Home vision testsHome vision testsHome vision testsHome vision testsVisual acuity test1124 41124 5Visual acuity tests may be performed in many different ways. It is a quick way to detect vision problems and is frequently used in schools or for mass screening. Driver license bureaus often use a small device that can test the eyes both together and individually.Macular degenerationVision problemsStandard ophthalmic examStandard ophthalmic exam2006-11-04 00:39:29.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:14:27.0Standard ophthalmic examStandard ophthalmic examStandard ophthalmic examStandard ophthalmic examVisual field test1143 41143 5Central and peripheral vision is tested by using visual field tests. Changes may indicate eye diseases, such as glaucoma or retinitis.Visual acuity test1124 41124 5Visual acuity tests may be performed in many different ways. It is a quick way to detect vision problems and is frequently used in schools or for mass screening. Driver license bureaus often use a small device that can test the eyes both together and individually.Refraction testRetinaSlit-lamp examExtraocular muscle function testingPeripheralColor blindnessColor vision testGlaucomaTonometryVision problemsExtraocular muscle function testingExtraocular muscle function testing2006-11-04 00:38:43.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:08:49.0Extraocular muscle function testingExtraocular muscle function testingExtraocular muscle function testingExtraocular muscle function testingEye1094 41094 5The eye is the organ of sight, a nearly spherical hollow globe filled with fluids (humors). The outer layer or tunic (sclera, or white, and cornea) is fibrous and protective. The middle tunic layer (choroid, ciliary body and the iris) is vascular. The innermost layer (the retina) is nervous or sensory. The fluids in the eye are divided by the lens into the vitreous humor (behind the lens) and the aqueous humor (in front of the lens). The lens itself is flexible and suspended by ligaments which allow it to change shape to focus light on the retina, which is composed of sensory neurons.Eye muscle test9310 49310 5The extraocular muscle function test is performed to evaluate any weakness, or other defect in the extraocular muscles which results in uncontrolled eye movements. The test involves moving the eyes in six different directions in space to evaluate the proper functioning of the extraocular muscles of the eyes.NystagmusVisual acuity testVisual acuity test2006-11-04 00:38:41.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:20:11.0Visual acuity testVisual acuity testVisual acuity testVisual acuity testNormal, nearsightedness, and farsightedness19511 419511 5Normal vision occurs when light is focused directly on the retina rather than in front or behind it. A person with normal vision can see objects clearly near and faraway.Nearsightedness results in blurred vision when the visual image is focused in front of the retina, rather than directly on it. It occurs when the physical length of the eye is greater than the optical length. For this reason, nearsightedness often develops in the rapidly growing school-aged child or teenager, and progresses during the growth years, requiring frequent changes in glasses or contact lenses. A nearsighted person sees near objects clearly, while objects in the distance are blurred.Farsightedness is the result of the visual image being focused behind the retina rather than directly on it. It may be caused by the eyeball being too small or the focusing power being too weak. Farsightedness is often present from birth, but children can often tolerate moderate amounts without difficulty and most outgrow the condition. A farsighted person sees faraway objects clearly, while objects that are near are blurred.Eye1094 41094 5The eye is the organ of sight, a nearly spherical hollow globe filled with fluids (humors). The outer layer or tunic (sclera, or white, and cornea) is fibrous and protective. The middle tunic layer (choroid, ciliary body and the iris) is vascular. The innermost layer (the retina) is nervous or sensory. The fluids in the eye are divided by the lens into the vitreous humor (behind the lens) and the aqueous humor (in front of the lens). The lens itself is flexible and suspended by ligaments which allow it to change shape to focus light on the retina, which is composed of sensory neurons.Visual acuity test1124 41124 5Visual acuity tests may be performed in many different ways. It is a quick way to detect vision problems and is frequently used in schools or for mass screening. Driver license bureaus often use a small device that can test the eyes both together and individually.Vision problemsColor vision testColor vision test2006-11-04 00:38:31.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:57:27.0Color vision testColor vision testColor vision testColor vision testColor blindness tests9962 49962 5Color blindness is the inability to distinguish the differences between certain colors.Coloboma of the irisColoboma of the iris2006-11-04 00:37:02.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:21:57.0Coloboma of the irisColoboma of the irisColoboma of the irisEye1094 41094 5The eye is the organ of sight, a nearly spherical hollow globe filled with fluids (humors). The outer layer or tunic (sclera, or white, and cornea) is fibrous and protective. The middle tunic layer (choroid, ciliary body and the iris) is vascular. The innermost layer (the retina) is nervous or sensory. The fluids in the eye are divided by the lens into the vitreous humor (behind the lens) and the aqueous humor (in front of the lens). The lens itself is flexible and suspended by ligaments which allow it to change shape to focus light on the retina, which is composed of sensory neurons.Cat eye1130 41130 5A cat eye is a type of coloboma. Any defect in the iris that allows light to enter the eye, other than through the pupil, is called a coloboma. An extra hole or slit may be present from birth, or may result from trauma. Colobomas may also exist in the eyelid, a defect which interrupts the border of the eyelid.Coloboma of the iris8750 48750 5A coloboma is a defect in the iris of the eye. It can appear as a black notch of varying depth at the edge of the pupil, giving the pupil an irregular shape. Coloboma may be associated with hereditary conditions, trauma to the eye, or eye surgery.IrisVision problemsRetinaChoroidFocal neurological deficitsFocal neurological deficits2006-11-04 00:34:35.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:58:11.0Focal neurological deficitsFocal neurological deficitsFocal neurological deficitsBrain1074 41074 5The major areas of the brain have one or more specific functions.Muscle function lossNeurologic deficitConsciousness - decreasedWeaknessHypotoniaNumbness and tinglingHorner syndromeEyelid droopingMovement - uncoordinatedFine motor controlSwallowing difficultySpeech impairment (adult)Visual fieldVision problemsBrain tumor - childrenCerebral palsyCarpal tunnel syndromeStrokeDizzinessDizziness2006-11-04 00:32:51.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:58:41.0DizzinessDizzinessDizzinessCarotid stenosis, X-ray of the right artery1153 41153 5This is an angiogram of the right carotid artery showing a severe narrowing (stenosis) of the internal carotid artery just past the carotid fork. There is enlargement of the artery or ulceration in the area after the stenosis in this close-up film. Note the narrowed segment toward the bottom of the picture.Vertigo19706 419706 5Rotational head movements cause the fluid in the cupula of the semicircular canal to "bend" the hair cells. The hair cells, in turn, send a signal to your brain that you are experiencing "motion".Vertigo can occur when these hair cells are still sending signals of motion, even though you may be perfectly still, giving you the "illusion of movement".Balance receptors19707 419707 5Deep inside the head is the inner ear, which contains 3 small, fluid-filled structures called the semicircular canals (ducts). Each duct has a swelling at the end called the ampulla. Within the ampulla are tiny "balance" receptors called crista.Carotid stenosis, X-ray of the left artery1152 41152 5A carotid arteriogram is an x-ray study designed to determine if there is narrowing or other abnormality in the carotid artery, a main artery to the brain. This is an angiogram of the left common carotid artery (both front-to-back and side views) showing a severe narrowing (stenosis) of the internal carotid artery just beyond the division of the common carotid artery into the internal and external branches.Blood pressureThe fluHypoglycemiaCommon coldHeart attackStrokeShockBenign positional vertigoLabyrinthitisMeniere’s diseasePhotophobiaVision - light sensitive2006-11-04 00:32:00.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:35:32.0PhotophobiaPhotophobiaPhotophobiaExternal and internal eye anatomy8867 48867 5The cornea allows light to enter the eye. As light passes through the eye the iris changes shape by expanding and letting more light through or constricting and letting less light through to change pupil size. The lens then changes shape to allow the accurate focusing of light on the retina. Light excites photoreceptors that eventually, through a chemical process, transmit nerve signals through the optic nerve to the brain. The brain processes these nerve impulses into sight.Migraine without auraChalazionEpiscleritisGlaucomaMeningitisUveitisCorneal injuryCorneal ulcers and infectionsToxicology screenBlindnessBlindness2006-11-04 00:31:59.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:32:12.0BlindnessBlindnessBlindnessNeurofibromatosis I, enlarged optic foramen1276 41276 5This X-ray shows the skull of a child with neurofibromatosis (NF-1). This child developed visual difficulties and was discovered to have a glioma (nerve tumor) in the optic nerve. The tumor has enlarged the bony opening (optic foramen), through which the optic nerve passes. This can be seen on the right side of picture.DiabetesMacular degenerationChemical burn or reactionVitamin ARetinopathy of prematurityAmblyopiaOptic neuritisStrokeTay-Sachs diseaseRetinitis pigmentosaRetinoblastomaLead poisoningOptic gliomaVision - night blindnessVision - night blindness2006-11-04 00:31:58.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:34:50.0Vision - night blindnessVision - night blindnessVision - night blindnessExternal and internal eye anatomy8867 48867 5The cornea allows light to enter the eye. As light passes through the eye the iris changes shape by expanding and letting more light through or constricting and letting less light through to change pupil size. The lens then changes shape to allow the accurate focusing of light on the retina. Light excites photoreceptors that eventually, through a chemical process, transmit nerve signals through the optic nerve to the brain. The brain processes these nerve impulses into sight.CataractRetinitis pigmentosaVitamin ANearsightednessNystagmusEye movements - uncontrollable2006-11-04 00:31:57.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:45:36.0NystagmusNystagmusNystagmusExternal and internal eye anatomy8867 48867 5The cornea allows light to enter the eye. As light passes through the eye the iris changes shape by expanding and letting more light through or constricting and letting less light through to change pupil size. The lens then changes shape to allow the accurate focusing of light on the retina. Light excites photoreceptors that eventually, through a chemical process, transmit nerve signals through the optic nerve to the brain. The brain processes these nerve impulses into sight.CT scanHead MRIMeniere’s diseaseEye painEye pain2006-11-04 00:31:52.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:53:20.0Eye painEye painEye painPhotophobiaConjunctivitisCorneal injuryGlaucomaMigraineEyelid bumpEye rednessEye redness2006-11-04 00:31:51.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:59:37.0Eye rednessEye rednessEye rednessBloodshot eyes8624 48624 5The white portion of the eye (sclera) can appear red when the vessels on the surface become enlarged. This may result from mechanical irritation, environmental irritants (such as extremely dry air, excess sun exposure), allergic reactions, infection, and other medical conditions. A bright red, uniformly dense bloody area on the sclera results from a small amount of bleeding (hemorrhage) into the conjunctiva. It is a fairly common occurrence and is usually caused by straining or coughing. It generally clears up on its own after a few days.ScleraSubconjunctival hemorrhageBlepharitisConjunctivitisCorneal ulcers and infectionsUveitisEye emergenciesGlaucomaVision problemsVision problems2006-11-04 00:31:49.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:33:27.0Vision problemsVision problemsVision problemsVisual field test1143 41143 5Central and peripheral vision is tested by using visual field tests. Changes may indicate eye diseases, such as glaucoma or retinitis.Eye1094 41094 5The eye is the organ of sight, a nearly spherical hollow globe filled with fluids (humors). The outer layer or tunic (sclera, or white, and cornea) is fibrous and protective. The middle tunic layer (choroid, ciliary body and the iris) is vascular. The innermost layer (the retina) is nervous or sensory. The fluids in the eye are divided by the lens into the vitreous humor (behind the lens) and the aqueous humor (in front of the lens). The lens itself is flexible and suspended by ligaments which allow it to change shape to focus light on the retina, which is composed of sensory neurons.Cataract - close-up of the eye1684 41684 5This photograph shows a cloudy white lens (cataract) over the pupil. Cataracts are a leading cause of decreased vision in older adults, but children may have congenital cataracts. With surgery, the cataract can be removed, a new lens implanted, and the person can usually return home the same day.Cataract19587 419587 5A cataract is a cloudy or opaque area in the lens of the eye. Cataracts usually develop as a person gets older and may run in families. Other environmental factors such as smoking or exposure to toxic substances can also accelerate the development of a cataract. Cataracts can cause visual problems such as difficulty seeing at night, seeing halos around lights, and sensitivity to glare.Visual acuity test1124 41124 5Visual acuity tests may be performed in many different ways. It is a quick way to detect vision problems and is frequently used in schools or for mass screening. Driver license bureaus often use a small device that can test the eyes both together and individually.Crossed eyes1087 41087 5People are very sensitive to other individuals' eye positions. By looking at another person's eye position, one can very effectively gauge where they are looking. People are also sensitive to eyes that are not looking in the same direction, which is referred to as crossed eyes (strabismus). Other more specific medical terms refer to eyes turned either outward or inward, or that are abnormally rotated. Any appearance of crossed eyes in young children should be immediately evaluated, as should recent onset of crossed eyes in an adult.Slit-lamp exam1140 41140 5A slit-lamp, which is a specialized magnifying microscope, is used to examine the structures of the eye (including the cornea, iris, vitreous, and retina). The slit-lamp is used to examine, treat (with a laser), and photograph (with a camera) the eye.BlindnessPresbyopiaCataractGlaucomaDiabetic retinopathyMacular degenerationEye floatersRetinal detachmentOptic neuritisMultiple sclerosisStrokeTransient ischemic attackBrain tumor - childrenTemporal arteritisHeadacheHeadacheHeadache2006-11-04 00:31:44.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:35:45.0HeadacheHeadacheHeadacheHeadache17204 417204 5Headaches are usually caused by either muscle tension, vascular problems, or both. Migraines are vascular in origin, and may be preceded by visual disturbances, loss of peripheral vision, and fatigue. Most headaches can be relieved or ameliorated by over-the-counter pain medications.Brain1074 41074 5The major areas of the brain have one or more specific functions.Headache17203 417203 5Headaches are usually caused by either muscle tension, vascular problems, or both. Migraines are vascular in origin, and may be preceded by visual disturbances, loss of peripheral vision, and fatigue. Most headaches can be relieved or ameliorated by over-the-counter pain medications.Migraine with auraMigraine without auraTension headacheMigraineCluster headacheNasal dischargeTemporal arteritisAneurysmBrain tumor - childrenStrokeTransient ischemic attackMeningitisEncephalitisCorneal transplantCorneal transplant2006-11-04 00:31:26.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:34:55.0Corneal transplantCorneal transplantCorneal transplantCorneal transplantBefore and after corneal surgery8783 48783 5Corneal surgery involves replacing the clear covering of the eye (cornea). The surgery is recommended for severe corneal infection, injury, scarring, and for corneas that no longer allow light to pass through. The outcome for corneal surgery is usually very good and transplanted corneas have a long life expectancy.Corneal transplant - series2007-03-27 13:08:47.0ADAM2010-02-05 11:32:26.0KeratoconusFuchs' dystrophyDiabetesForehead liftForehead lift2006-11-04 00:31:03.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:22:05.0Forehead liftForehead liftForehead liftForehead liftForehead lift - seriesForehead lift - series2007-03-27 13:08:24.0ADAM2010-05-07 17:51:42.0FaceliftRhinoplastyAnesthesiaHair lossBleedingSwellingNumbness and tinglingBleeding into the skinBlood pressureEyelid liftEyelid lift or repair2006-11-04 00:30:47.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:33:26.0Eyelid liftEyelid liftEyelid liftEyelid liftBlepharoplasty - seriesBlepharoplasty - series2007-03-27 13:09:36.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:33:25.0PtosisEyelid droopingMyasthenia gravisFaceliftPhotophobiaRetinal detachment repairRetinal detachment repair2006-11-04 00:30:27.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:34:52.0Retinal detachment repairRetinal detachment repairRetinal detachment repairRetinal detachment repairRetinal detachment repair - series2007-03-27 13:09:13.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:34:52.0Detached retina9931 49931 5As a result of injury, tumors, or disease, the retina can become completely or partially detached, causing diminished vision. The retina can be repaired by laser, cryoprobe, or surgery.RetinaRetinal detachmentVision problemsCataract removalCataract removal2006-11-04 00:30:24.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:06:15.0Cataract removalCataract removalCataract removalCataract removalCataract18012 418012 5The lens of an eye is normally clear. If the lens becomes cloudy (opacified) it is called a cataract.Eye1094 41094 5The eye is the organ of sight, a nearly spherical hollow globe filled with fluids (humors). The outer layer or tunic (sclera, or white, and cornea) is fibrous and protective. The middle tunic layer (choroid, ciliary body and the iris) is vascular. The innermost layer (the retina) is nervous or sensory. The fluids in the eye are divided by the lens into the vitreous humor (behind the lens) and the aqueous humor (in front of the lens). The lens itself is flexible and suspended by ligaments which allow it to change shape to focus light on the retina, which is composed of sensory neurons.Cataract - close-up of the eye1684 41684 5This photograph shows a cloudy white lens (cataract) over the pupil. Cataracts are a leading cause of decreased vision in older adults, but children may have congenital cataracts. With surgery, the cataract can be removed, a new lens implanted, and the person can usually return home the same day.Cataract surgery - seriesCataract surgery - series2007-03-27 13:08:46.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:06:14.0Slit-lamp exam1140 41140 5A slit-lamp, which is a specialized magnifying microscope, is used to examine the structures of the eye (including the cornea, iris, vitreous, and retina). The slit-lamp is used to examine, treat (with a laser), and photograph (with a camera) the eye.RetinaBlindnessVision problemsCataractCongenital cataractAnesthesiaUltrasoundCarotid artery surgeryCarotid artery surgery2006-11-04 00:30:16.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:12:23.0Carotid artery surgeryCarotid artery surgeryCarotid artery surgeryCarotid artery surgeryCarotid stenosis, X-ray of the right artery1153 41153 5This is an angiogram of the right carotid artery showing a severe narrowing (stenosis) of the internal carotid artery just past the carotid fork. There is enlargement of the artery or ulceration in the area after the stenosis in this close-up film. Note the narrowed segment toward the bottom of the picture.Carotid artery surgery - seriesCarotid artery surgery - series2007-03-27 13:09:08.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:12:22.0Arterial plaque build-up18024 418024 5The build-up of plaque in the inner layer of the wall of an artery may lead to narrowing and irregularity. Where the narrowing is severe, there is a risk that the vessel can block completely if a thrombus forms in the diseased segment.Atherosclerosis of internal carotid artery18006 418006 5The build-up of plaque in the internal carotid artery may lead to narrowing and irregularity of the artery's lumen, preventing proper blood flow to the brain. More commonly, as the narrowing worsens, pieces of plaque in the internal carotid artery can break free, travel to the brain and block blood vessels that supply blood to the brain. This leads to stroke, with possible paralysis or other deficits.Carotid stenosis, X-ray of the left artery1152 41152 5A carotid arteriogram is an x-ray study designed to determine if there is narrowing or other abnormality in the carotid artery, a main artery to the brain. This is an angiogram of the left common carotid artery (both front-to-back and side views) showing a severe narrowing (stenosis) of the internal carotid artery just beyond the division of the common carotid artery into the internal and external branches.Arterial tear in internal carotid artery18004 418004 5Cholesterol may build-up in the lining of an internal carotid artery.AtherosclerosisEEGWeaknessMuscle function lossNumbness and tinglingSwallowing difficultyBlindnessSpeech impairment (adult)DizzinessConfusionFaintingConsciousness - decreasedTransient ischemic attackX-rayCerebral angiographyStrokeBlood clotsAngioplasty and stent placement - heartAnesthesiaStentNews (more_index_1_1_1)FYI (more_index_1_1_3)Health Tip: Get Regular Eye ExamsEven if you don't wear glasses2007-10-30 00:00:00.0HealthDay2007-10-30 00:00:00.0Health Tip: If You Have an Eye InfectionContact lenses may be involved2007-10-16 00:00:00.0HealthDay2008-05-05 23:00:55.0AbscessActinomycosisAcute Myeloid Leukemia (Adult)Introduction to HIV/AIDS
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Fixing Torn Hearts
Now, doctors can fix a torn aorta without making a single incision in a patient's chest.
Medicine's Next Big Thing? Growing Hearts
Chronic heart failure kills thousands each year, and though a heart transplant is an option, many patients die waiting for one. Now, cutting-edge technology may offer something better.
Alzheimer's Disease Video AnimationErectile DysfunctionErectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability of a man to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for his or his partner's sexual needs. Watch this video animation as it shows how blood flow and other factors affect this disorder.LASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.What is a Heart Attack?This video animation demonstrates how a heart attack can happen. Heart attack or myocardial infarction is caused due to coronary artery blockage.Actonel - Drug DescriptionRisedronateCoumadin - Drug DescriptionWarfarin Sodium Tablets, USPDetrol LA - Drug DescriptionTolterodineDitropan XL - Drug DescriptionOxybutyninHealth Tip: Healing Mentally After a Heart Attack
PeripheralBlindnessGlaucomaGlaucoma
Health Tip: Reasons for Crossed EyesSome common causes2007-08-31 00:00:00.0HealthDay2008-05-05 22:24:57.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
StrabismusFarsightednessStrabismus
Health Tip: Why Are My Eyes Red?Some common reasons2007-08-20 00:00:00.0HealthDay2008-05-05 22:18:41.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
BleedingAcuteEye rednessGlaucoma
Health Tip: Prevent Problems With Contact LensesProper care is essential2007-07-26 00:00:00.0HealthDay2008-05-05 21:46:49.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
Contact Lenses
Health Tip: Protecting Your EyesHow to keep them healthy2007-07-19 00:00:00.0HealthDay2008-05-05 21:43:31.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
Blood pressureAntioxidantsVision problemsDiabetesCholesterol
Newsflash (more_index_1_1_26)Virtual Eye SurgeryIvanhoe Broadcast News2007-05-09 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 21:31:48.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
Stopping Diabetic Vision LossIvanhoe Broadcast News2006-09-28 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 23:08:27.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
Genetic Test for Eye DiseaseIvanhoe Broadcast News2006-09-27 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 23:08:18.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
High-Tech Humans: Brainy Ideas (Part 2 of 3)Ivanhoe Broadcast News2006-05-10 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 21:20:32.0Acoustic NeurinomaBell's PalsyBrain and Spinal Cord Magnetic Resonance ImagingBrain TumorsBrain Surgery with Water?
Careful planning with water is keeping patients undergoing brain surgery safe when they're under the knife.
Breakthrough Coma Reversal With Glue

It's a medical first … a man brought out of a coma with glue!

Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
MS DiscoveryA new gene could help researchers find the key to treating MS.LASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Adderal XR - Drug DescriptionAmphetamine Mixed SaltsConcerta - Drug DescriptionMethylphenidate XRCoumadin - Drug DescriptionWarfarin Sodium Tablets, USPDepakote - Drug DescriptionDivalproex
Medical Breakthrough (more_index_1_1_27)Virtual Eye SurgeryIvanhoe Broadcast News2007-05-09 04:15:04.0Ivanhoe2010-02-09 14:17:54.0New Medications for MigrainesIvanhoe Newswire2007-04-04 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 21:58:20.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
Drug Helps Diabetics See AgainIvanhoe Newswire2006-12-19 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 23:12:28.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
Unlocking Migraine's SecretsIvanhoe Newswire2006-10-17 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 21:27:37.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
Vision and Hearing Loss go Together in ElderlyIvanhoe Newswire2006-10-10 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 21:26:58.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
Reversing Wet Macular DegenerationIvanhoe Newswire2006-10-05 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 21:26:29.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
African American Diabetics at High Risk for Eye DiseaseIvanhoe Newswire2006-09-12 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 23:06:36.0Alzheimer's DiseaseCataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisHoward: The Helping Hand for Stroke Survivors
A robot named Howard is helping stroke survivors regain control and movement.
Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Fixing Torn Hearts
Now, doctors can fix a torn aorta without making a single incision in a patient's chest.
Medicine's Next Big Thing? Growing Hearts
Chronic heart failure kills thousands each year, and though a heart transplant is an option, many patients die waiting for one. Now, cutting-edge technology may offer something better.
Alzheimer's Disease Video AnimationErectile DysfunctionErectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability of a man to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for his or his partner's sexual needs. Watch this video animation as it shows how blood flow and other factors affect this disorder.LASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.What is a Heart Attack?This video animation demonstrates how a heart attack can happen. Heart attack or myocardial infarction is caused due to coronary artery blockage.Actonel - Drug DescriptionRisedronateCoumadin - Drug DescriptionWarfarin Sodium Tablets, USPDetrol LA - Drug DescriptionTolterodineDitropan XL - Drug DescriptionOxybutyninHealth Tip: Healing Mentally After a Heart Attack
Weightlifting and Glaucoma LinkedIvanhoe Newswire2006-09-12 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 23:06:42.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss
Warning from Doctors: Don't Buy Drugs OnlineIvanhoe Newswire2006-08-18 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 21:25:15.0Alzheimer's DiseaseCataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisHoward: The Helping Hand for Stroke Survivors
A robot named Howard is helping stroke survivors regain control and movement.
Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Fixing Torn Hearts
Now, doctors can fix a torn aorta without making a single incision in a patient's chest.
Medicine's Next Big Thing? Growing Hearts
Chronic heart failure kills thousands each year, and though a heart transplant is an option, many patients die waiting for one. Now, cutting-edge technology may offer something better.
Alzheimer's Disease Video AnimationErectile DysfunctionErectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability of a man to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for his or his partner's sexual needs. Watch this video animation as it shows how blood flow and other factors affect this disorder.LASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.What is a Heart Attack?This video animation demonstrates how a heart attack can happen. Heart attack or myocardial infarction is caused due to coronary artery blockage.Actonel - Drug DescriptionRisedronateCoumadin - Drug DescriptionWarfarin Sodium Tablets, USPDetrol LA - Drug DescriptionTolterodineDitropan XL - Drug DescriptionOxybutyninHealth Tip: Healing Mentally After a Heart Attack
Could Gastric Bypass Affect the Eyes?Ivanhoe Newswire2006-06-15 00:00:00.0Ivanhoe2008-05-05 21:21:50.0CataractsCentral Serous RetinopathyConjunctivitisContact LensesLASIKWhat is LASIK surgery? LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. See how LASIK surgery is performed.Helping Blind Kids See
Corneal transplants have been successful in adults for years, but never in children. Now, one doctor is saving sight in the tiniest eyes.
Body Enhancers
Contact lenses that could save your life, and a body battery that keeps your heart pumping. Two medical breakthroughs you've just got to see to believe.
Focus On FarsightednessStopping Diabetic Vision Loss