HealthCentralcm.own.healthcentralgeneralhealth77nonenone2001Healthcentral.com is one of the most trusted sources of medical information and up to date news and contains a doctor-approved health encyclopedia of diseases and conditions, the ability to find symptoms and treatments. Also drug information with side effects and interactions./home/sites/healthcentralwww.healthcentral.com/HealthCentral : GallbladderGallbladder - Diseases and Conditions, Treatments, General Health InformationGallbladder - Diseases and Conditions, Treatments, General Health InformationcholesterolHealthCentralDiseasesGallbladderhttp://www.healthcentral.com/channel/408/1160.htmlhttp://www.healthcentral.com/channel/408/1160_pf.htmlChannel Page179571Gallbladder1160.htmlGallbladderADAM Encyclopedia (more_index_1_8_7)LithotripsyLithotripsy2006-11-04 00:53:15.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:35:54.0LithotripsyLithotripsyLithotripsyLithotripsyKidney anatomy1101 41101 5The kidneys are responsible for removing wastes from the body, regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure, and stimulating red blood cell production.Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)19245 419245 5In the procedure intravenous pyelogram (IVP), the patient is injected with radiopaque dye and X-rays are taken as the dye travels through the urinary tract. This procedure is performed to confirm the presence of kidney stones, although some stones may be too small to see.Lithotripsy procedure19246 419246 5Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a procedure used to shatter simple stones in the kidney or upper urinary tract. Ultrasonic waves are passed through the body until they strike the dense stones. Pulses of sonic waves pulverize the stones, which are then more easily passed through the ureter and out of the body in the urine.Nephrolithiasis17091 417091 5Kidney stones result when urine becomes too concentrated and substances in the urine crystalize to form stones. Symptoms arise when the stones begin to move down the ureter causing intense pain. Kidney stones may form in the pelvis or calyces of the kidney or in the ureter.X-rayElectrocardiogramPercutaneous urinary proceduresHormone therapyHormone Replacement Therapy is medication containing one or more female hormones to treat symptoms of menopause. Click to learn more about it.
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)2006-11-04 00:53:13.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:16:12.0Hormone therapyHormone therapyUterus19263 419263 5The uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and rectum. The ovaries produce the eggs that travel through the fallopian tubes. Once the egg has left the ovary it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the uterus. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the developing fetus prior to birth.HysterectomyMenopauseOsteoporosisUrinary incontinenceDeep venous thrombosisPulmonary embolusLaparoscopyLaparoscopy2006-11-04 00:52:57.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:37:44.0LaparoscopyLaparoscopyLaparoscopyLaparoscopyLaparoscopic surgery - series2007-03-27 13:09:32.0ADAM2010-02-05 11:32:26.0Pelvic laparoscopy1109 41109 5Laparoscopy is performed when less-invasive surgery is desired. It is also called "band-aid" surgery because only small incisions need to be made to accomodate the small surgical instruments that are used to view the abdominal contents and perform the surgery.Gallbladder removal - openGastric bypass surgeryAnti-reflux surgeryAnti-reflux surgery - childrenAppendectomyGallbladder removal - laparoscopicGynecologic laparoscopyHysterectomyInguinal hernia repairLaparoscopic gastric bandingPelvic laparoscopyRadical prostatectomySpleen removalTubal ligationGeneral anesthesiaDiagnostic laparoscopyDiagnostic laparoscopy2006-11-04 00:51:40.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:38:19.0Diagnostic laparoscopyDiagnostic laparoscopyDiagnostic laparoscopyDiagnostic laparoscopyPelvic laparoscopy1109 41109 5Laparoscopy is performed when less-invasive surgery is desired. It is also called "band-aid" surgery because only small incisions need to be made to accomodate the small surgical instruments that are used to view the abdominal contents and perform the surgery.Female reproductive anatomy1112 41112 5External structures of the female reproductive anatomy include the labium minora and majora, the vagina and the clitoris. Internal structures include the uterus, ovaries and cervix.Incision for abdominal laparoscopy8830 48830 5Abdominal laparoscopy is a useful aid in diagnosing disease or trauma in the abdominal cavity with less scarring than with a large abdominal incision. Large operations such as liver and pancreatic resections may begin with laparoscopy to exclude the presence of additional tumors (metastatic disease) that would preclude curative resection. The procedure is usually done in the hospital under general anesthesia, (however it may be done under local anesthesia).Gynecologic laparoscopyAnesthesiaAppendicitisEctopic pregnancyEndometriosisAcute cholecystitisPelvic inflammatory disease (PID)CancerGallbladder radionuclide scanGall bladder radionuclide scan2006-11-04 00:49:20.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:42:01.0Gallbladder radionuclide scanGallbladder radionuclide scanGallbladder radionuclide scanGallbladder radionuclide scanGallbladder19261 419261 5The gallbladder is a muscular sac located under the liver. It stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver that is not immediately needed for digestion. Bile is released from the gallbladder into the small intestine in response to food. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct at the small intestine adding enzymes to aid in digestion.Gallbladder radionuclide scan9341 49341 5The gallbladder radionuclide scan is performed by injecting a tracer (radioactive chemical) into the bloodstream. A gamma camera is used to perform the scan. The camera will detect the gamma rays being emitted from the tracer, and the image of where the tracer is found in the organs is transmitted to a computer. This test is very good for detecting acute infection (cholecystitis) or blockage of a bile duct. It is also helpful in determining whether there is rejection of a transplanted liver.BilePET scanAcuteOral cholecystogramOral cholecystogram2006-11-04 00:49:12.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:19:29.0Oral cholecystogramOral cholecystogramOral cholecystogramOral cholecystogramCholecystogram9709 49709 5A cholecystogram is an x-ray procedure used to help evaluate the gallbladder. For the procedure, a special diet is consumed prior to the test and contrast tablets are also swallowed to help visualize the gallbladder on x-ray. The test is used to help in diagnosing disorders of the liver and gallbladder, including gallstones and tumors.Cholecystolithiasis1156 41156 5Cholecystolithiasis. CT scan of the upper abdomen showing multiple gallstones.Gallbladder19261 419261 5The gallbladder is a muscular sac located under the liver. It stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver that is not immediately needed for digestion. Bile is released from the gallbladder into the small intestine in response to food. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct at the small intestine adding enzymes to aid in digestion.Cholecystitis, cholangiogram1155 41155 5Cholelithiasis can be seen on a cholangiogram. Radio-opaque dye is used to enhance the x-ray. Multiple stones are present in the gallbladder (PTCA).Cholecystitis, CT scan1154 41154 5This is a CT scan of the upper abdomen showing cholecystitis (gall stones).X-rayBileDiarrheaGallstonesAbdominal ultrasoundGallbladder radionuclide scanAbdominal ultrasoundAbdominal ultrasound2006-11-04 00:47:50.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:29:02.0Abdominal ultrasoundAbdominal ultrasoundAbdominal ultrasoundAbdominal ultrasoundDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Kidney anatomy1101 41101 5The kidneys are responsible for removing wastes from the body, regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure, and stimulating red blood cell production.Abdominal ultrasound8607 48607 5The test is done in the ultrasound or radiology department. A conducting paste is applied to your abdomen while you are lying down. The transducer (a hand-held instrument) is then moved over your abdomen.Kidney - blood and urine flow1704 41704 5This is the typical appearance of the blood vessels (vasculature) and urine flow pattern in the kidney. The blood vessels are shown in red and the urine flow pattern in yellow.Ultrasound in pregnancy1110 41110 5The ultrasound has become a standard procedure used during pregnancy. It can demonstrate fetal growth and can detect increasing numbers of conditions in the fetus including meningomyelocele, congenital heart disease, kidney abnormalities, hydrocephalus, anencephaly, club feet, and other deformities. Ultrasound does not produce ionizing radiation and is considered a very safe procedure for both the mother and the fetus.Abdominal ultrasound1058 41058 5Abdominal ultrasound is a scanning technique used to image the interior of the abdomen. Like the X-ray, MRI, and CT scan, it has its place as a diagnostic tool. Ultrasound scans use high frequency sound waves to produce an image and do not expose the individual to radiation. The procedure is painless and safe.UltrasoundX-rayBile cultureBile culture2006-11-04 00:46:47.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:44:33.0Bile cultureBile cultureBile cultureBile cultureBile culture9105 49105 5A bile culture test is performed to see if there is infection in the biliary tract. A specimen of bile is placed in culture media and observed for growth of microorganisms. If there is no growth in the culture, then there is no infection. If there is growth in the culture media, the growth is then isolated and identified to determine the appropriate method of treatment.BileERCPGallbladder removal - openBilirubin - urineBilirubin - urine2006-11-04 00:43:36.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:27:05.0Bilirubin - urineBilirubin - urineBilirubin - urineBilirubin - urineMale urinary system10022 410022 5The urinary system is made up of the kidneys, ureters, urethra and bladder.PenisBileJaundice - yellow skinBilirubin - bloodFecal fatFecal fat2006-11-04 00:43:25.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:19:14.0Fecal fatFecal fatFecal fatFecal fatDigestive system organs8710 48710 5The digestive system organs in the abdominal cavity include the liver, gallbladder, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.FatFood additivesMalabsorptionBileBilirubin - bloodBilirubin2006-11-04 00:40:24.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:31:37.0Bilirubin - bloodBilirubin - bloodBilirubin - bloodBilirubin - bloodBlood test10026 410026 5Blood is drawn from a vein (venipuncture), usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. A needle is inserted into the vein, and the blood is collected in an air-tight vial or a syringe. Preparation may vary depending on the specific test.HemoglobinBilirubin - urineVenipunctureNiacinCaffeine in the dietLiver diseaseBileMetabolismAlbumin - serumAbdominal massAbdominal mass2006-11-04 00:36:10.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:49:08.0Abdominal massAbdominal massAbdominal massDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Anatomical landmarks, front view1070 41070 5There are three body views (front, back and side) that may be helpful if you are uncertain of a body area. Many areas are referred to by both descriptive and technical names. For example, the back of the knee is called the popliteal fossa. However, areas like the "flank" may not have both names, so the location may be unclear.Fibroid tumors17064 417064 5Fibroid tumors may not need to be removed if they are not causing pain, bleeding excessively, or growing rapidly.Aortic aneurysm18072 418072 5Abdominal aortic aneurysm involves a widening, stretching, or ballooning of the aorta. There are several causes of abdominal aortic aneurysm, but the most common results from atherosclerotic disease. As the aorta gets progressively larger over time there is increased chance of rupture.AbscessAneurysmTumorPhysical examinationAbdominal aortic aneurysmUrge incontinenceAcute cholecystitisColon cancerCrohn's diseaseDiverticulitisUnilateral hydronephrosisHepatocellular carcinomaHepatomegalyNeuroblastomaOvarian cystsPancreatic abscessPancreatic pseudocystRenal cell carcinomaSplenomegalyGastric cancerCancerUterine fibroidsIndigestionIndigestion2006-11-04 00:35:54.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:42:36.0IndigestionIndigestionIndigestionDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Abdominal distressGastric ulcerBelchingAbdominal bloatingNausea and vomitingFiberStress and anxietyDepressionHeart attackChronic pancreatitisGastritis - chronicPeptic ulcerJaundice - yellow skinLearn all about jaundice - what it is that actually makes your skin yellow, and what can cause the condition.Jaundice - yellow skin2006-11-04 00:35:34.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:17:42.0Jaundice - yellow skinJaundice - yellow skinJaundice - yellow skinJaundice infant2913 42913 5Newborn jaundice (producing yellow skin) can have many causes, but the majority of these infants have a condition called physiological jaundice, a natural occurrence in the newborn due to the immature liver. This type of jaundice is short term, generally lasting only a few days. Jaundice should be evaluated by a physician until decreasing or normal levels of bilirubin are measured in the blood.Exchange transfusion - series17092 417092 5Using bili lights is a therapeutic procedure performed on newborn or premature infants to reduce elevated levels of bilirubin. If blood levels of bilirubin become too high, the bilirubin begins to dissolve in the body tissues, producing the characteristic yellow eyes and skin of jaundice. Bilirubin also has an affinity for brain tissue, where it can accumulate and cause permanent brain damage.Jaundice19512 419512 5Jaundice is a condition produced when excess amounts of bilirubin circulating in the blood stream dissolve in the subcutaneous fat (the layer of fat just beneath the skin), causing a yellowish appearance of the skin and the whites of the eyes. With the exception of normal newborn jaundice in the first week of life, all other jaundice indicates overload or damage to the liver, or inability to move bilirubin from the liver through the biliary tract to the gut.Hepatitis B virus1031 41031 5Hepatitis B is also known as serum hepatitis and is spread through blood and sexual contact. It is seen with increased frequency among intravenous drug users who share needles and among the homosexual population. This photograph is an electronmicroscopic image of hepatitis B virus particles. (Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)Biliary systemBiliary atresiaNewborn jaundiceAutoimmune hepatitisBiliary strictureGallstonesPancreatic carcinomaGilbert's diseaseDubin-Johnson syndromeDrug-induced cholestasisDrug-induced hepatitisHemolytic anemiaMalariaPrimary biliary cirrhosisHepatitis AHepatitis BHepatitis CDelta agent (Hepatitis D)Stools - pale or clay-coloredStools - pale or clay colored2006-11-04 00:33:29.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:20:23.0Stools - pale or clay-coloredStools - pale or clay-coloredStools - pale or clay-coloredLower digestive anatomy8735 48735 5Food passes from the stomach into the small intestine. In the small intestine all nutrient absorption occurs. Whatever has not been absorbed by the small intestine passes into the colon. In the colon most of the water is absorbed from the food residue. The residue is then eliminated from the body as feces.Sclerosing cholangitisBilePrimary biliary cirrhosisHepatitisAbdominal painAbdominal pain2006-11-04 00:33:19.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:14:49.0Abdominal painAbdominal painAbdominal painDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Anatomical landmarks, front view1070 41070 5There are three body views (front, back and side) that may be helpful if you are uncertain of a body area. Many areas are referred to by both descriptive and technical names. For example, the back of the knee is called the popliteal fossa. However, areas like the "flank" may not have both names, so the location may be unclear.Appendicitis19580 419580 5The appendix is a small finger-shaped tube that branches off the first part of the large intestine. The appendix can become inflamed or infected causing pain in the lower right part of the abdomen.Kidney function19615 419615 5Blood from the aorta reaches the kidneys so it can be filtered and cleaned. Among other functions, the kidneys remove toxins, metabolic waste, and excess ions from the blood which leaves the body in the form of urine.Abdominal quadrants19578 419578 5Since the abdominal area contains many different organs it is divided in smaller areas. One division method, uses one median sagittal plane and one transverse plane that passes through the umbilicus at right angles. This method divides the abdomen into four quadrants. Medical personnel can easily refer to these quadrants when describing pain or injury regarding a victim.Abdominal organs19574 419574 5The process of digesting food is accomplished by many organs in the body. Food is pushed by the esophagus into the stomach. The stomach mixes the food and begins the breakdown of proteins. The stomach propels the food then into the small intestine. The small intestine further digests food and begins the absorption of nutrients. Secretions from the pancreas in the small intestine help neutralize the acid in the intestine to provide a proper environment for the enzymes to function. Bile from the gallbladder and liver emulsify fat and enhance the absorption of fatty acids. The large intestine temporarily stores and concentrates the remainder until it is passed out as waste from the body.AppendicitisIntestinal obstructionAcute cholecystitisGallstonesConstipationAortic dissectionDiverticulitisFood allergyFood poisoningGastroesophageal reflux in infantsHeartburnIndigestionGroin lumpCrohn's diseaseUlcerative colitisIntussusception (children)Irritable bowel syndromeKidney stonesLactose intoleranceGiardiasisSickle cell anemiaUlcersUrinary tract infection - adultsViral gastroenteritisPeritonitisColic and cryingPainful menstrual periodsEndometriosisUterine fibroidsOvarian cystsOvarian cancerPelvic inflammatory disease (PID)PneumoniaColon cancerSomatization disorderStrep throatChest painChest pain2006-11-04 00:32:37.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:30:11.0Chest painChest painChest painStable anginaGastric ulcerAcute cholecystitisHeart attackAnginaUnstable anginaAortic dissectionPericarditisPneumoniaPulmonary embolusCollapsed lungPleurisyAsthmaCostochondritisShinglesGastroesophageal reflux diseaseGallbladder removal - openGallbladder removal2006-11-04 00:29:49.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:32:43.0Gallbladder removal - openGallbladder removal - openGallbladder removalGallbladder removal - openGallbladder removal - seriesGallbladder removal - series2007-03-27 13:08:25.0ADAM2010-02-05 11:32:26.0Cholecystolithiasis1156 41156 5Cholecystolithiasis. CT scan of the upper abdomen showing multiple gallstones.Gallbladder19261 419261 5The gallbladder is a muscular sac located under the liver. It stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver that is not immediately needed for digestion. Bile is released from the gallbladder into the small intestine in response to food. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct at the small intestine adding enzymes to aid in digestion.Cholecystitis, cholangiogram1155 41155 5Cholelithiasis can be seen on a cholangiogram. Radio-opaque dye is used to enhance the x-ray. Multiple stones are present in the gallbladder (PTCA).Cholecystitis, CT scan1154 41154 5This is a CT scan of the upper abdomen showing cholecystitis (gall stones).GallstonesAcute cholecystitisPercutaneous transhepatic cholangiogramGallbladder diseaseAbdominal painNausea and vomitingIndigestionChronic cholecystitisGallbladder removal - laparoscopicBreathing difficultyLiver diseaseBleedingObesityPancreatitisCBCElectrolytes - urineChest x-rayElectrocardiogramAbdominal explorationAbdominal exploration2006-11-04 00:29:47.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:10:12.0Abdominal explorationAbdominal explorationAbdominal explorationAbdominal explorationDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Abdominal exploration - series2007-03-27 13:08:40.0ADAM2010-05-07 17:51:42.0Pelvic adhesions17118 417118 5Pelvic adhesions are bands of scarlike tissue that form between two surfaces inside the body. Inflammation from infection, surgery, or trauma can cause tissues to bond to other tissues or organs.Hodgkin’s lymphomaAnesthesiaBiopsyX-rayCT scanCancerEndometriosisAppendicitisPelvic inflammatory disease (PID)DiverticulitisAcuteChronic pancreatitisPeritonitis - spontaneousEctopic pregnancyAdhesionHealthy livingHealthy living2006-11-04 00:23:11.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:28:47.0Healthy livingHealthy livingExercise - a powerful tool19480 419480 5Physical fitness is essential to good health and is one of the best things you can do for your body, mind, and spirit. Exercise improves the way your body works, and it can make you look better, feel better, and even live longer.Exercise with friends19479 4Stay motivated by exercising with a friend.19479 5Exercising with a friend or a group of people can help make it more fun, interesting, and keep you motivated to continue with a regular exercise routine.Exercise 30 minutes a day19475 4Find out how to get the most benefit from your exercise.19475 5You get the most benefit from exercise if you do it for at least 60 minutes a day for 5 - 6 days a week. But you do not have to do 60 minutes in a row. Studies suggest that you get the same benefits if you work out for 20 minutes 3 times a day as you do during a longer session.High blood pressureEmphysemaChronic bronchitisBlockage of leg arteriesHypertensionWeight managementDiabetesExercise stress testPhysical activityAnginaHeart attackLung cancer - small cellStrokeSmoking and smokeless tobaccoAlcoholismBleeding esophageal varicesCardiomyopathyCirrhosisHepatitisErection problemsMallory-Weiss tearMenstrual periods - heavy, prolonged, or irregularSleep disordersWernicke-Korsakoff syndromeAlcoholism - resourcesDrug abuseStress and anxietyVaricose veinsBreast cancerGallbladder diseaseOverweightFiberBalanced dietFistulaFistula2006-11-04 00:23:00.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:29:45.0FistulaFistulaFistula9328 49328 5A fistula is an abnormal connection between an organ, vessel, or intestine and another organ, vessel or intestine, or the skin. Fistulas can be thought of as tubes connecting internal tubular structures, such as arteries, veins, or intestine, to one another or to the skin. Fistulas are usually the result of trauma or surgery, but can also result from infection or inflammation.Anorectal fistulas19291 419291 5Crohn's disease is an inflammation of the intestines caused by immune response to an infection. The lining of the intestine may ulcerate and form channels of infection, called fistulas. Fistulas tunnel from the area of ulceration, creating a hole which may continue until it reaches the surface of the organ, or the surface of nearby skin. These holes typically spread the infection that creates them, and life-threatening conditions such as peritonitis (inflammation of the lining of the abdomen) may occur.BileCervixVaginaPulmonary arteriovenous fistulaPeristalsisPeristalsis2006-11-04 00:22:13.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:41:09.0PeristalsisPeristalsisDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Peristalsis200088 4Ileus - X-ray of distended bowel and stomach1169 41169 5This abdominal x-ray shows a stomach filled with fluid and a swollen (distended) small bowel, caused by a blockage (obstruction) in the intestines. A solution containing a dye (barium) that is visible on x-rays was swallowed by the patient (upper GI series).Peristalsis9736 49736 5Peristalsis is a series of normal coordinated, rhythmic muscle contractions that occur automatically to move food through the digestive tract.Ileus - X-ray of bowel distension1170 41170 5This abdominal x-ray shows thickening of the bowel wall and swelling (distention) caused by a blockage (obstruction) in the intestines. A solution containing a dye (barium), which is visible on X-ray, was swallowed by the patient (the procedure is known as an upper GI series).BileDuodenumBiliary systemBiliary system2006-11-04 00:21:52.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:53:28.0Biliary systemBiliary systemDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.BileDuodenumBileBile2006-11-04 00:21:49.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:59:43.0BileBileDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Bile produced in the liver9104 49104 5The biliary organs and duct system that creates, transports, stores, and releases bile into the duodenum for digestion includes the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts (named the cystic, hepatic, common, and pancreatic duct).FatBiliary systemBilirubin - bloodGallstonesJaundice - yellow skinLiver diseaseTyphoid feverTyphoid fever2006-11-03 23:30:10.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:12:51.0Typhoid feverTyphoid feverTyphoid feverTyphoid feverFly1240 41240 5Flies carry disease by transporting infectious agents on their feet. They may spread salmonellosis, typhoid, and other diseases. (Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)Digestive system organs8710 48710 5The digestive system organs in the abdominal cavity include the liver, gallbladder, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.Salmonella typhi organism1048 41048 5The causative agent of typhoid fever is the bacterium Salmonella typhi. (Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)HepaticFeverMalaiseAbdominal painWeaknessFatigueDeliriumDiarrheaSystemicRashesMetachromatic leukodystrophyMetachromatic leukodystrophy2006-11-03 23:27:59.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:04:12.0Metachromatic leukodystrophyMetachromatic leukodystrophyMetachromatic leukodystrophyMetachromatic leukodystrophyAutosomal recessiveEnzymeBiliary atresiaBiliary atresia2006-11-03 23:26:58.0ADAM2009-11-05 11:00:00.0Biliary atresiaBiliary atresiaBiliary atresiaBile produced in the liver9104 49104 5The biliary organs and duct system that creates, transports, stores, and releases bile into the duodenum for digestion includes the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts (named the cystic, hepatic, common, and pancreatic duct).BileCirrhosisJaundice - yellow skinGallbladder diseaseGallbladder disease2006-11-03 23:26:48.0ADAM2009-11-05 10:59:37.0Gallbladder diseaseGallbladder diseaseGallbladder diseaseGallbladder diseaseDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Gallbladder8732 48732 5The gallbladder is a sac located under the liver. It stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver. Bile is released from the gallbladder in response to food, especially fats, in the upper small intestine.Gallbladder19260 419260 5The liver produces bile which aids in the digestion of fats. The bile travels through tiny canals which eventually drain through the common bile duct into the small intestine. The gallbladder stores excess bile that is not immediately needed for digestion.Gallbladder19261 419261 5The gallbladder is a muscular sac located under the liver. It stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver that is not immediately needed for digestion. Bile is released from the gallbladder into the small intestine in response to food. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct at the small intestine adding enzymes to aid in digestion.Gallbladder anatomy8789 48789 5The gallbladder is a sac located under the liver. It stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver.DuodenumAcute cholecystitisGallstonesGangreneAbscessSclerosing cholangitisHELLP syndromeHELLP syndrome2006-11-03 23:22:42.0ADAM2009-11-05 10:42:56.0HELLP syndromeHELLP syndromeHELLP syndromeHELLP syndromePreeclampsia17270 417270 5Preeclampsia is the development of swelling, elevated blood pressure, sudden and rapid weight gain and protein in the urine during pregnancy. The exact cause is unknown, but it occurs in approximately 5% of the population.HemolysisPlatelet countPreeclampsiaEclampsiaBlood pressureHepatitisGallbladder diseaseIdiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)CholangitisCholangitis2006-11-03 23:14:16.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:27:46.0CholangitisCholangitisCholangitisCholangitisDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Bile pathway8794 48794 5The biliary system is comprised of the organs and duct system that create, transport, store and release bile into the duodenum for digestion. Includes the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts (named the cystic, hepatic, common, and pancreatic duct).BileGallstonesAcute pancreatitisAcute pancreatitis2006-11-03 23:14:13.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:27:15.0Acute pancreatitisAcute pancreatitisAcute pancreatitisAcute pancreatitisDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Endocrine glands1093 41093 5Endocrine glands release hormones (chemical messengers) into the bloodstream to be transported to various organs and tissues throughout the body. For instance, the pancreas secretes insulin, which allows the body to regulate levels of sugar in the blood. The thyroid gets instructions from the pituitary to secrete hormones which determine the pace of chemical activity in the body (the more hormone in the bloodstream, the faster the chemical activity; the less hormone, the slower the activity).Pancreatitis, acute - CT scan1145 41145 5This upper abdominal CT scan shows inflammation and swelling of the pancreas caused by acute infection (pancreatitis).BilePancreatitisGlucagonAlcohol useGallstonesMumpsMycoplasma pneumoniaFamilial hypertriglyceridemiaCystic fibrosisHemolytic-uremic syndromeKawasaki diseaseReye syndromeSclerosing cholangitisSclerosing cholangitis2006-11-03 23:14:12.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:27:03.0Sclerosing cholangitisSclerosing cholangitisSclerosing cholangitisSclerosing cholangitisDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Bile pathway8794 48794 5The biliary system is comprised of the organs and duct system that create, transport, store and release bile into the duodenum for digestion. Includes the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts (named the cystic, hepatic, common, and pancreatic duct).CirrhosisJaundice - yellow skinBiliary systemBileCrohn's diseaseUlcerative colitisSarcoidosisChronic pancreatitisCholedocholithiasisCholedocholithiasisCholedocholithiasis2006-11-03 23:14:03.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:25:29.0CholedocholithiasisCholedocholithiasisCholedocholithiasisCholedocholithiasisDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Bile pathway8794 48794 5The biliary system is comprised of the organs and duct system that create, transport, store and release bile into the duodenum for digestion. Includes the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts (named the cystic, hepatic, common, and pancreatic duct).Gallbladder19260 419260 5The liver produces bile which aids in the digestion of fats. The bile travels through tiny canals which eventually drain through the common bile duct into the small intestine. The gallbladder stores excess bile that is not immediately needed for digestion.Choledocholithiasis17038 417038 5About 15% of people with gallstones will develop stones in the common bile duct. The common bile duct is a small tube that carries bile from the gallbladder to the duodenum. Obstruction of the common bile duct may also lead to obstruction of the pancreatic duct because these ducts are usually connected. If the pancreatic duct is also obstructed, pancreatitis will likely develop.Gallbladder19261 419261 5The gallbladder is a muscular sac located under the liver. It stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver that is not immediately needed for digestion. Bile is released from the gallbladder into the small intestine in response to food. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct at the small intestine adding enzymes to aid in digestion.Kidney cyst with gallstones, CT scan1173 41173 5A CT scan of the upper abdomen showing a fist-sized cyst of the left kidney and gallstones (the kidney cyst was found by chance; there were no symptoms).PancreatitisBileGallstonesGallstonesGallstones2006-11-03 23:14:02.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:25:25.0GallstonesGallstonesGallstonesGallstonesDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Gallstones, cholangiogram1163 41163 5A cholecystogram in a patient with gallstones.Gallbladder removal - seriesGallbladder removal - series2007-03-27 13:08:25.0ADAM2010-02-05 11:32:26.0Cholecystolithiasis1156 41156 5Cholecystolithiasis. CT scan of the upper abdomen showing multiple gallstones.Gallbladder19260 419260 5The liver produces bile which aids in the digestion of fats. The bile travels through tiny canals which eventually drain through the common bile duct into the small intestine. The gallbladder stores excess bile that is not immediately needed for digestion.Gallbladder19261 419261 5The gallbladder is a muscular sac located under the liver. It stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver that is not immediately needed for digestion. Bile is released from the gallbladder into the small intestine in response to food. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct at the small intestine adding enzymes to aid in digestion.Kidney cyst with gallstones, CT scan1173 41173 5A CT scan of the upper abdomen showing a fist-sized cyst of the left kidney and gallstones (the kidney cyst was found by chance; there were no symptoms).Cholelithiasis17039 417039 5Normally a balance of bile salts, lecithin and cholesterol keep gallstones from forming. If there are abnormally high levels of bile salts or, more commonly, cholesterol, stones can form. Symptoms usually occur when the stones block one of the biliary ducts or gallstones may be discovered upon routine x-ray or abdominal CT study.BileX-rayAcute cholecystitisCholedocholithiasisHemolytic anemiaSickle cell anemiaCirrhosisDiabetesBone marrow transplantAcute cholecystitisAcute cholecystitis (Gallstones)2006-11-03 23:13:56.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:24:42.0Acute cholecystitisAcute cholecystitisAcute cholecystitisAcute cholecystitisDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Gallstones, cholangiogram1163 41163 5A cholecystogram in a patient with gallstones.Digestive system organs8710 48710 5The digestive system organs in the abdominal cavity include the liver, gallbladder, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.Gallbladder removal - seriesGallbladder removal - series2007-03-27 13:08:25.0ADAM2010-02-05 11:32:26.0Cholecystolithiasis1156 41156 5Cholecystolithiasis. CT scan of the upper abdomen showing multiple gallstones.Cholecystitis, cholangiogram1155 41155 5Cholelithiasis can be seen on a cholangiogram. Radio-opaque dye is used to enhance the x-ray. Multiple stones are present in the gallbladder (PTCA).Cholecystitis, CT scan1154 41154 5This is a CT scan of the upper abdomen showing cholecystitis (gall stones).Abdominal painChronic cholecystitisGallstonesBileBile duct obstructionBiliary obstruction2006-11-03 23:13:55.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:24:32.0Bile duct obstructionBile duct obstructionBile duct obstructionBile duct obstructionDigestive system1090 4Find an image showing the digestive system and its component parts.1090 5The esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, aided by the liver, gallbladder and pancreas convert the nutritive components of food into energy and break down the non-nutritive components into waste to be excreted.Endocrine glands1093 41093 5Endocrine glands release hormones (chemical messengers) into the bloodstream to be transported to various organs and tissues throughout the body. For instance, the pancreas secretes insulin, which allows the body to regulate levels of sugar in the blood. The thyroid gets instructions from the pituitary to secrete hormones which determine the pace of chemical activity in the body (the more hormone in the bloodstream, the faster the chemical activity; the less hormone, the slower the activity).Biliary obstruction - seriesBiliary obstruction - series2007-03-27 13:09:46.0ADAM2010-02-05 11:32:26.0Bile pathway8794 48794 5The biliary system is comprised of the organs and duct system that create, transport, store and release bile into the duodenum for digestion. Includes the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts (named the cystic, hepatic, common, and pancreatic duct).CholesterolBileBilirubin - bloodJaundice - yellow skinGallstonesBiliary systemChronic pancreatitisPancreatic carcinomaGallbladder removal - openCholangiocarcinomaBiliary strictureBiliary stricture2006-11-03 23:13:33.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:19:22.0Biliary strictureBiliary strictureBiliary strictureBiliary strictureBile pathway8794 48794 5The biliary system is comprised of the organs and duct system that create, transport, store and release bile into the duodenum for digestion. Includes the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts (named the cystic, hepatic, common, and pancreatic duct).GallstonesBileCholedocholithiasisPancreatitisSclerosing cholangitisGallbladder removal - openChronic cholecystitisChronic cholecystitis2006-11-03 23:13:32.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:19:08.0Chronic cholecystitisChronic cholecystitisChronic cholecystitisChronic cholecystitisGallstones, cholangiogram1163 41163 5A cholecystogram in a patient with gallstones.Cholecystolithiasis1156 41156 5Cholecystolithiasis. CT scan of the upper abdomen showing multiple gallstones.Cholecystitis, cholangiogram1155 41155 5Cholelithiasis can be seen on a cholangiogram. Radio-opaque dye is used to enhance the x-ray. Multiple stones are present in the gallbladder (PTCA).Cholecystitis, CT scan1154 41154 5This is a CT scan of the upper abdomen showing cholecystitis (gall stones).Acute cholecystitisBileGallstonesDrug-induced cholestasisDrug-induced cholestasis2006-11-03 23:13:32.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:19:15.0Drug-induced cholestasisDrug-induced cholestasisDrug-induced cholestasisDrug-induced cholestasisBile pathway8794 48794 5The biliary system is comprised of the organs and duct system that create, transport, store and release bile into the duodenum for digestion. Includes the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts (named the cystic, hepatic, common, and pancreatic duct).CholestasisBileBiliary systemJaundice-associated conditionsJaundice-associated conditions2006-11-03 23:13:29.0ADAM2009-11-05 09:18:38.0Jaundice-associated conditionsJaundice-associated conditionsJaundice-associated conditionsJaundice-associated conditionsJaundice infant2913 42913 5Newborn jaundice (producing yellow skin) can have many causes, but the majority of these infants have a condition called physiological jaundice, a natural occurrence in the newborn due to the immature liver. This type of jaundice is short term, generally lasting only a few days. Jaundice should be evaluated by a physician until decreasing or normal levels of bilirubin are measured in the blood.Jaundice19512 419512 5Jaundice is a condition produced when excess amounts of bilirubin circulating in the blood stream dissolve in the subcutaneous fat (the layer of fat just beneath the skin), causing a yellowish appearance of the skin and the whites of the eyes. With the exception of normal newborn jaundice in the first week of life, all other jaundice indicates overload or damage to the liver, or inability to move bilirubin from the liver through the biliary tract to the gut.Exchange transfusion - seriesExchange transfusion - series2007-03-27 13:08:23.0ADAM2010-05-07 17:51:42.0Cirrhosis of the liver8849 48849 5A chronic liver disease which causes damage to liver tissue, scarring of the liver (fibrosis; nodular regeneration), progressive decrease in liver function, excessive fluid in the abdomen (ascites), bleeding disorders (coagulopathy), increased pressure in the blood vessels (portal hypertension), and brain function disorders (hepatic encephalopathy). Excessive alcohol use is the leading cause of cirrhosisHemolytic anemiaMalariaJaundice - yellow skinBilirubin - bloodAutoimmune hepatitisDrug-induced hepatitisHepatic ischemiaHepatitis AHepatitis BHepatitis CDelta agent (Hepatitis D)Biliary atresiaTumorBiliary strictureGallstonesPrimary biliary cirrhosisBileCholestasisDubin-Johnson syndromeGilbert's diseaseNewborn jaundicePancreatic carcinomaOverweightLearn the basic causes of obesity and how it can increase your chances of developing more serious conditions.Obesity2006-11-03 21:38:26.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:48:52.0body shape
body shape
OverweightOverweightOverweightDifferent types of weight gain19265 419265 5Weight gain in the area of and above the waist (apple type) is more dangerous than weight gained around the hips and flank area (pear type). Fat cells in the upper body have different qualities than those found in hips and thighs.Lipocytes (fat cells)19267 419267 5When energy input is equal to energy output, there is no expansion of fat cells (lipocytes) to accommodate excess. It is only when more calories are taken in than used that the extra fat is stored in the lipocytes and the person begins to accumulate fat.Obesity and health19473 419473 5Obesity increases a person's risk of illness and death due to diabetes, stroke, heart disease, hypertension, high cholesterol, and kidney and gallbladder disease. Obesity may increase the risk for some types of cancer. It is also a risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis and sleep apnea.Type 2 diabetesStrokeCancerBody mass indexExercise and weight lossLosing weightObesityWeight gain - unintentionalWeight managementWeight problems in childrenNews (more_index_1_1_1)