HealthCentralcm.own.healthcentralgeneralhealth77nonenone2001Healthcentral.com is one of the most trusted sources of medical information and up to date news and contains a doctor-approved health encyclopedia of diseases and conditions, the ability to find symptoms and treatments. Also drug information with side effects and interactions./home/sites/healthcentralwww.healthcentral.com/HealthCentral : HeadacheHeadache - Diseases and Conditions, Treatments, General Health InformationHeadache - Diseases and Conditions, Treatments, General Health InformationheadacheHealthCentralDiseasesHeadachehttp://www.healthcentral.com/channel/408/1189.htmlhttp://www.healthcentral.com/channel/408/1189_pf.htmlChannel Page179602Headache1189.htmlHeadacheADAM Encyclopedia (more_index_1_8_7)Thallium stress testThallium and sestamibi stress tests2006-11-04 00:53:51.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:29:41.0Thallium stress testThallium stress testThallium stress testThallium stress testAnterior heart arteries9367 49367 5The coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle. The right coronary artery supplies both the left and the right heart; the left coronary artery supplies the left heart.Nuclear scan19100 419100 5A radiotracer is injected into a peripheral vein. As the radiotracer decays, gamma radiation is emitted and is detected by a Gamma camera. When the tracer has collected in the target organ the area is scanned. Radionuclide scans can detect abnormalities such as fractures, bone infections, arthritis, rickets, and tumors that have spread, among other diseases.Chest painHeart attackEmergency contraceptionEmergency contraception2006-11-04 00:52:54.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:48:02.0Emergency contraceptionEmergency contraceptionIntrauterine device17078 417078 5The intrauterine device shown uses copper as the active contraceptive, others use progesterone in a plastic device. IUDs are very effective at preventing pregnancy (less than 2% chance per year for the progesterone IUD, less than 1% chance per year for the copper IUD). IUDs come with increased risk of ectopic pregnancy and perforation of the uterus and do not protect against sexually transmitted disease. IUDs are prescribed and placed by health care providers.Side sectional view of female reproductive system17079 417079 5The female reproductive system includes the vagina, cervix, and uterus shown here in cut section.Birth control methods19068 419068 5Artificial contraception methods work in different ways to decrease the likelihood that sexual intercourse will result in pregnancy. Barrier methods such as condoms (male or female), diaphragms (with or without spermicide) and sponges (with spermicide) have as their first line of defense the physical blocking of the sperm's entry into the uterus. If sperm cannot get into the uterus it cannot fertilize an egg, and pregnancy cannot occur. An IUD works in a different way, by making the uterus toxic to sperm and by disturbing the lining of the uterus so that it won't allow egg implantation. The hormones in oral contraceptives and hormone implants fool the ovaries into refraining from ovulation, and without a fertile egg, pregnancy will not occur. IUDs and oral contraceptives and hormones may be used as emergency contraception in the case of unprotected sex, but neither one will protect against sexually-transmitted disease.Hormone-based contraceptives17101 417101 5The pill works in several ways to prevent pregnancy. The pill suppresses ovulation so that an egg is not released from the ovaries, and changes the cervical mucus, causing it to become thicker and making it more difficult for sperm to swim into the womb. The pill also does not allow the lining of the womb to develop enough to receive and nurture a fertilized egg.This method of birth control offers no protection against sexually-transmitted diseases.Abdominal painFatigueMenstrual periods - heavy, prolonged, or irregularPainful menstrual periodsHepatitis A - vaccineHepatitis A - vaccine2006-11-04 00:52:44.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:18:20.0Hepatitis A - vaccineHepatitis A - vaccineImmunizations - general overviewHepatitis AAntibodyFeverPET scanIsotope study2006-11-04 00:49:21.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:38:01.0PET scanPET scanPET scanPET scanPET scanLung gallium scanCancerAbscessMRICT scanBone scanNuclear ventriculographyPulmonary ventilation/perfusion scanRenal scanThyroid scanRadionuclide cisternogramRHISA scan2006-11-04 00:49:15.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:32:46.0Radionuclide cisternogramRadionuclide cisternogramRadionuclide cisternogramRadionuclide cisternogramLumbar puncture9587 49587 5Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) is a clear fluid that circulates in the space surrounding the spinal cord and brain. CSF protects the brain and spinal cord from injury by acting like a liquid cushion. CSF is usually obtained through a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). During the procedure, a needle is inserted usually between the 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae and the CSF fluid is collected for testingCerebral spinal fluid (CSF) collectionCerebral angiographyCerebral angiography2006-11-04 00:48:34.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:56:47.0Cerebral angiographyCerebral angiographyCerebral angiographyCerebral angiographyCarotid stenosis, X-ray of the right artery1153 41153 5This is an angiogram of the right carotid artery showing a severe narrowing (stenosis) of the internal carotid artery just past the carotid fork. There is enlargement of the artery or ulceration in the area after the stenosis in this close-up film. Note the narrowed segment toward the bottom of the picture.Brain1074 41074 5The major areas of the brain have one or more specific functions.Carotid stenosis, X-ray of the left artery1152 41152 5A carotid arteriogram is an x-ray study designed to determine if there is narrowing or other abnormality in the carotid artery, a main artery to the brain. This is an angiogram of the left common carotid artery (both front-to-back and side views) showing a severe narrowing (stenosis) of the internal carotid artery just beyond the division of the common carotid artery into the internal and external branches.X-rayBlood clotsElectrocardiogramTumorStrokeCranial CT scanCSF oligoclonal bandingCSF oligoclonal banding2006-11-04 00:44:32.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:25:35.0CSF oligoclonal bandingCSF oligoclonal bandingCSF oligoclonal bandingCSF oligoclonal bandingCSF oligoclonal banding - series2007-03-27 13:09:19.0ADAM2010-05-27 18:01:04.0Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) collectionMultiple sclerosisIrritabilityIrritability2006-11-04 00:34:59.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:38:00.0IrritabilityIrritabilityIrritabilityCentral nervous system8679 48679 5The central nervous system is comprised of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system includes all peripheral nerves.Head injuryCeliac disease - sprueMigraine with auraStimulusAlcohol withdrawalColic and cryingDiabetesEar infection - acuteEncephalitisHydrocephalusHypoglycemiaIron deficiency anemiaLead poisoningMeningitisPinwormsSleep disordersTay-Sachs diseaseMenstruation - absentMenstruation - absent2006-11-04 00:33:50.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:50:41.0Menstruation - absentMenstruation - absentMenstruation - absentSecondary amenorrhea17131 417131 5Secondary amenorrhea is the cessation of menstrual flow for a period of 6 months or more in the absence of pregnancy, breastfeeding or menopause. Extreme weight gain or loss, certain medications, as well as anxiety can be the root cause of amenorrhea. Treatment can range from behavior modification for excessive exercise to medication to surgery in the presence of disease.Primary amenorrhea17125 417125 5Primary amenorrhea is the absence of the menstrual period by the age of 16. Treatment of amenorrhea may range from hormonal supplementation for developmental abnormalities of the reproductive system to surgery for tumors of the pituitary.Absence of menstruation (amenorrhea)17088 417088 5Amenorrhea is the lack of menstrual flow and can be a normal occurrence or a sign of malfunction or disease. In primary amenorrhea, menstruation does not begin when expected (by the age of 16). Secondary amenorrhea occurs when the normal established menstrual cycle is shut down for 6 or more months due to a condition other than pregnancy, breastfeeding or menopause.IncidenceAmenorrhea - primarySecondary amenorrheaHeadacheNipple problemsBlindnessWeight gain - unintentionalWeight loss - unintentionalExcessive or unwanted hair in womenVaginaLosing weightStress and anxietyEndocrine glandsMenopauseD and CSore throatSore throats are most often caused by viruses so most sore throats will NOT respond to antibiotics.Sore throat2006-11-04 00:32:13.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:01:49.0sore throat
sore throatsore throat
Sore throatSore throatSore throatStrep throat19694 419694 5Strep throat is the most common bacterial cause of sore throat. Because strep throat can occasionally lead to rheumatic fever, antibiotics are given. Strep throat often includes a fever (greater than 101 degrees Fahrenheit), white draining patches on the throat, and swollen or tender lymph glands in the neck. Children may have headache and stomach pain.Throat anatomy1118 41118 5Structures of the throat include the esophagus, trachea, epiglottis and tonsils.Rheumatic feverFeverSwollen lymph nodesHeadacheAbdominal painNasal dischargeCoughAllergic rhinitisCommon coldEndotracheal intubationThe fluMononucleosisChoking - adult or child over 1 yearCPRStrep throatTonsillectomyAdenoid removalPharyngitisNasal congestionNasal congestion2006-11-04 00:32:09.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:17:27.0Nasal congestionNasal congestionNasal congestionThroat anatomy1118 41118 5Structures of the throat include the esophagus, trachea, epiglottis and tonsils.Right-sided heart failureObstructive sleep apneaEnlarged adenoidsCommon coldAllergic rhinitisThe fluSinusitisVasomotor rhinitisPhotophobiaVision - light sensitive2006-11-04 00:32:00.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:35:32.0PhotophobiaPhotophobiaPhotophobiaExternal and internal eye anatomy8867 48867 5The cornea allows light to enter the eye. As light passes through the eye the iris changes shape by expanding and letting more light through or constricting and letting less light through to change pupil size. The lens then changes shape to allow the accurate focusing of light on the retina. Light excites photoreceptors that eventually, through a chemical process, transmit nerve signals through the optic nerve to the brain. The brain processes these nerve impulses into sight.Migraine without auraChalazionEpiscleritisGlaucomaMeningitisUveitisCorneal injuryCorneal ulcers and infectionsToxicology screenEye painEye pain2006-11-04 00:31:52.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:53:20.0Eye painEye painEye painPhotophobiaConjunctivitisCorneal injuryGlaucomaMigraineEyelid bumpVision problemsVision problems2006-11-04 00:31:49.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:33:27.0Vision problemsVision problemsVision problemsVisual field test1143 41143 5Central and peripheral vision is tested by using visual field tests. Changes may indicate eye diseases, such as glaucoma or retinitis.Eye1094 41094 5The eye is the organ of sight, a nearly spherical hollow globe filled with fluids (humors). The outer layer or tunic (sclera, or white, and cornea) is fibrous and protective. The middle tunic layer (choroid, ciliary body and the iris) is vascular. The innermost layer (the retina) is nervous or sensory. The fluids in the eye are divided by the lens into the vitreous humor (behind the lens) and the aqueous humor (in front of the lens). The lens itself is flexible and suspended by ligaments which allow it to change shape to focus light on the retina, which is composed of sensory neurons.Cataract - close-up of the eye1684 41684 5This photograph shows a cloudy white lens (cataract) over the pupil. Cataracts are a leading cause of decreased vision in older adults, but children may have congenital cataracts. With surgery, the cataract can be removed, a new lens implanted, and the person can usually return home the same day.Cataract19587 419587 5A cataract is a cloudy or opaque area in the lens of the eye. Cataracts usually develop as a person gets older and may run in families. Other environmental factors such as smoking or exposure to toxic substances can also accelerate the development of a cataract. Cataracts can cause visual problems such as difficulty seeing at night, seeing halos around lights, and sensitivity to glare.Visual acuity test1124 41124 5Visual acuity tests may be performed in many different ways. It is a quick way to detect vision problems and is frequently used in schools or for mass screening. Driver license bureaus often use a small device that can test the eyes both together and individually.Crossed eyes1087 41087 5People are very sensitive to other individuals' eye positions. By looking at another person's eye position, one can very effectively gauge where they are looking. People are also sensitive to eyes that are not looking in the same direction, which is referred to as crossed eyes (strabismus). Other more specific medical terms refer to eyes turned either outward or inward, or that are abnormally rotated. Any appearance of crossed eyes in young children should be immediately evaluated, as should recent onset of crossed eyes in an adult.Slit-lamp exam1140 41140 5A slit-lamp, which is a specialized magnifying microscope, is used to examine the structures of the eye (including the cornea, iris, vitreous, and retina). The slit-lamp is used to examine, treat (with a laser), and photograph (with a camera) the eye.BlindnessPresbyopiaCataractGlaucomaDiabetic retinopathyMacular degenerationEye floatersRetinal detachmentOptic neuritisMultiple sclerosisStrokeTransient ischemic attackBrain tumor - childrenTemporal arteritisHeadacheFace painFace pain2006-11-04 00:31:47.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:16:45.0Face painFace painFace painTooth abscessCluster headacheShinglesHerpes simplexMigraineSinusitisTrigeminal neuralgiaHeadacheHeadache2006-11-04 00:31:44.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:35:45.0HeadacheHeadacheHeadacheHeadache17204 417204 5Headaches are usually caused by either muscle tension, vascular problems, or both. Migraines are vascular in origin, and may be preceded by visual disturbances, loss of peripheral vision, and fatigue. Most headaches can be relieved or ameliorated by over-the-counter pain medications.Brain1074 41074 5The major areas of the brain have one or more specific functions.Headache17203 417203 5Headaches are usually caused by either muscle tension, vascular problems, or both. Migraines are vascular in origin, and may be preceded by visual disturbances, loss of peripheral vision, and fatigue. Most headaches can be relieved or ameliorated by over-the-counter pain medications.Migraine with auraMigraine without auraTension headacheMigraineCluster headacheNasal dischargeTemporal arteritisAneurysmBrain tumor - childrenStrokeTransient ischemic attackMeningitisEncephalitisSeptoplastySeptoplasty2006-11-04 00:31:31.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:39:15.0SeptoplastySeptoplastySeptoplastySeptoplastySeptoplasty - seriesSeptoplasty - series2007-03-27 13:08:34.0ADAM2010-05-07 17:51:42.0Breathing difficultyHeadacheObstructive sleep apneaTumorRhinoplastyAnesthesiaMucosaNosebleedCosmetic breast surgeryCosmetic breast surgery2006-11-04 00:30:55.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:25:41.0Cosmetic breast surgeryCosmetic breast surgeryCosmetic breast surgeryCosmetic breast surgeryBreast lift (mastopexy) - seriesBreast lift (mastopexy) - series2007-03-27 13:09:38.0ADAM2010-05-07 17:51:42.0Breast reduction (mammoplasty) - seriesBreast reduction (mammoplasty) - series2007-03-27 13:09:39.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:25:40.0Breast lift200041 4Breast augmentation - seriesBreast augmentation - series2007-03-27 13:09:51.0ADAM2010-05-07 17:51:42.0Breast infectionBack pain - lowNeck painShoulder painHeadacheBreast painNumbness and tinglingBreast cancerCellulitisBreast reconstruction - natural tissueBreast reconstruction - implantsBreast liftAnesthesiaMammographyNews (more_index_1_1_1)FYI (more_index_1_1_3)Health Tip: Tension HeadachesCan be triggered by stress2007-09-12 00:00:00.0HealthDay2008-05-05 22:29:58.0Detecting Restless Legs
A new ankle strap is helping doctors diagnose restless legs to help patients find relief.Implant For HeadachesWatch this video to learn how an implant could mean relief for migraine sufferers.Healing Migraines ... NaturallyLearn how you can manage chronic headaches with the latest natural remedies.Treating Migraines with Botox?
Learn how Botox, a chemical usually associated with face lifts, has reduced the frequency and intensity of Migraines for some individuals with Migraine disease.The Key Cause of Migraine Pain
A migraine is genetic neurological condition often marked by severe pain generally concentrated on one side of the head. This animation shows one of the key causes of pain during a migraine--changes to the blood flow within the brain.DepressionStressFatigueTension headache