HealthCentralcm.own.healthcentralgeneralhealth77nonenone2001Healthcentral.com is one of the most trusted sources of medical information and up to date news and contains a doctor-approved health encyclopedia of diseases and conditions, the ability to find symptoms and treatments. Also drug information with side effects and interactions./home/sites/healthcentralwww.healthcentral.com/HealthCentral : Crohn's DiseaseCrohn's Disease - Diseases and Conditions, Treatments, General Health InformationCrohn's Disease - Diseases and Conditions, Treatments, General Health InformationCrohn's DiseasecrohnsdiseaseHealthCentralDiseasesCrohn's Diseasehttp://www.healthcentral.com/channel/408/12112.htmlhttp://www.healthcentral.com/channel/408/12112_pf.htmlChannel Page179517Crohn's Disease12112.htmlCrohn's DiseaseADAM Encyclopedia (more_index_1_8_7)In vitro fertilization (IVF)2007-03-27 13:52:39.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:33:02.0In vitro fertilization (IVF)In vitro fertilization (IVF)In vitro fertilization (IVF)In vitro fertilization (IVF)Sperm19471 419471 5The male reproductive system creates sperm that is manufactured in
the seminiferous tubules within each testicle. The head of the
sperm contains the DNA, which when combined with the egg's DNA,
will create a new individual. The tip of the sperm head is the
portion called the acrosome, which enables the sperm to penetrate
the egg. The midpiece contains the mitochondria which supplies the
energy the tail needs to move. The tail moves with whip-like
movements back and forth to propel the sperm towards the egg. The
sperm have to reach the uterus and the fallopian tube in order to
fertilize a woman's egg.Uterus19263 419263 5The uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis
between the bladder and rectum. The ovaries produce the eggs that
travel through the fallopian tubes. Once the egg has left the ovary
it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the
uterus. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the
developing fetus prior to birth.Intracytoplasmic sperm injection200061 4InfertilityInfertility - resourcesTransvaginal ultrasoundVaginaPelvic laparoscopyCervixPelvic inflammatory disease (PID)EndometriosisMiscarriageHCG blood test - quantitativeHypotension2007-03-27 13:52:38.0ADAM2010-02-06 10:54:26.0HypotensionHypotensionHypotensionHypotensionBlood pressureParkinson’s diseaseDiabetesAnaphylaxisArrhythmiasDehydrationFaintingHeart attackHeart failureShockMineral metabolism disorders2007-03-27 13:52:34.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:11:48.0Mineral metabolism disordersMineral metabolism disordersMineral metabolism disordersMineral metabolism disordersPeriodic paralysis with hypokalemiaIron deficiency anemiaMetabolismCalcium in dietMagnesium in dietPhosphorus in dietPotassium in dietSelenium in dietSodium in dietHypophosphatemiaRhabdomyolysisHyperparathyroidismHypoparathyroidismBartter syndromeHypokalemic periodic paralysisHyperaldosteronism - primary and secondaryCushing’s diseaseProximal renal tubular acidosisDistal renal tubular acidosisFanconi syndromeAddison’s diseaseKidney diseaseHemochromatosisCirrhosisCopper in dietWilson's diseaseMenkes syndromeNephrocalcinosisPseudohypoparathyroidismHypercalcemiaOsteoporosisMovement - unpredictable or jerkyKidney stonesMilk-alkali syndromePaget’s diseaseMultiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) IOsteomalaciaRicketsHyponatremiaHypomagnesemiaVentricular assist device2007-03-27 13:52:32.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:11:21.0Ventricular assist deviceVentricular assist deviceVentricular assist deviceVentricular assist deviceChronic kidney diseaseLiver diseaseHeart failureMagnetic resonance angiography2007-03-27 13:52:32.0ADAM2010-05-07 17:51:42.0Magnetic resonance angiographyMagnetic resonance angiographyMagnetic resonance angiographyMagnetic resonance angiographyRenal artery stenosisMRIAortic angiographyCoarctation of the aortaAortic dissectionStrokeAtherosclerosisGonorrhea2006-11-04 00:54:57.0ADAM2010-02-05 11:32:26.0GonorrheaGonorrheaGonorrheaGonorrheaGonococcemia - disseminatedThyroid nodule2006-11-04 00:54:56.0ADAM2010-05-07 17:51:42.0Thyroid noduleThyroid noduleThyroid noduleThyroid noduleMalignancyThyroid cancerMultiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) IIMedullary carcinoma of thyroidLaryngeal nerve damageChronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s disease)Parathyroid cancer2006-11-04 00:54:54.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:30:23.0Parathyroid cancerParathyroid cancerParathyroid cancerParathyroid cancerMalignancyCalcium in dietMultiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) IAvian influenzaThough rare, avian influenza symptoms in humans have ranged from fever, cough and sore throat to pneumonia and other life-threatening complications.2006-11-04 00:54:53.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:13:32.0bird flu bird flu Avian influenzaAvian influenzaAvian influenzaAvian influenzaThe fluImmune responseOsteonecrosis2006-11-04 00:54:49.0ADAM2010-05-10 10:44:37.0OsteonecrosisOsteonecrosisOsteonecrosisOsteonecrosisAseptic necrosis21730 421730 5Aseptic necrosis is bone death caused from a disruption in the
blood supply. It is most common in the hip, knee, and shoulder.Chronic gouty arthritisBroken boneDislocationSickle cell anemiaRadiation therapyGaucher diseaseAtherosclerosisDiabetesLegg-Calve-Perthes diseaseHyperhidrosis2006-11-04 00:54:48.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:58:19.0HyperhidrosisHyperhidrosisHyperhidrosisHyperhidrosisSweating200101 4CancerCarcinoid syndromeHyperthyroidismMenopausePulmonary tuberculosisNewborn screening tests2006-11-04 00:54:45.0ADAM2010-05-07 17:51:42.0Newborn screening testsNewborn screening testsNewborn screening testsNewborn screening testsCystic fibrosisSickle cell anemiaMaple syrup urine diseaseAPGARNeonatal hypothyroidismGalactosemiaPhenylketonuriaCongenital adrenal hyperplasiaNeonatal cystic fibrosis screeningGlucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiencyMethylmalonic acidemiaHearing loss - infantsNICU consultants and support staff2006-11-04 00:54:35.0ADAM2010-05-10 10:44:37.0NICU consultants and support staffNICU consultants and support staffAudiologyElectrocardiogramEchocardiogramCardiac catheterizationBiopsyIntravenousHepatitisCholestasisUltrasoundCancerCBCMeningitisCerebral spinal fluid (CSF) collectionDiabetesSeizuresEEGCT scanMRISkull fractureBroken boneNecrotizing enterocolitisBarium enemaUnilateral hydronephrosisHypospadiasX-rayDevelopmental milestonesPremature infantHydrocephalusRetinopathy of prematurityNeonatal respiratory distress syndromeBronchopulmonary dysplasiaPeripheral arterial line - infants2006-11-04 00:54:33.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:19:36.0Peripheral arterial line - infantsPeripheral arterial line - infantsBlood pressureMechanical ventilator - infantsIntravenousNICU house staffMechanical ventilator - infants2006-11-04 00:54:31.0ADAM2010-05-10 10:44:37.0Mechanical ventilator - infantsMechanical ventilator - infantsBlood gasesX-rayCollapsed lungPremature infantBronchopulmonary dysplasiaChild abuse - sexual2006-11-04 00:54:16.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:30:09.0Child abuse - sexualChild abuse - sexualChild abuse - sexualChild abuse - sexualChild neglect and psychological abuseGangreneGangrene2006-11-04 00:54:13.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:42:06.0GangreneGangreneGangreneGangrenePregnancy carePregnancy care2006-11-04 00:54:08.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:16:57.0Pregnancy carePregnancy careBack pain - lowJoint painNausea and vomitingHeartburnHeadacheFrequent or urgent urinationMuscle crampsConstipationDiabetesRubellaProtein - urineAbortion - surgicalFeverVaginal bleeding between periodsTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)2006-11-04 00:54:03.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:37:52.0Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)X-rayAnesthesiaGeneral anesthesiaBleeding esophageal varicesAscitesHepatic vein obstruction (Budd-Chiari)CBCElectrolytesChest x-rayElectrocardiogramSoySoy2006-11-04 00:53:55.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:35:38.0SoySoySoySoySoyCoronary heart diseaseOsteoporosisBreast cancerEndometrial cancerProstate cancerVentricular fibrillationVentricular fibrillation2006-11-04 00:53:49.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:36:04.0Ventricular fibrillationVentricular fibrillationVentricular fibrillationVentricular fibrillationHeart, front view1097 41097 5The external structures of the heart include the ventricles, atria,
arteries and veins. Arteries carry blood away from the heart while
veins carry blood into the heart. The vessels colored blue indicate
the transport of blood with relatively low content of oxygen and
high content of carbon dioxide. The vessels colored red indicate
the transport of blood with relatively high content of oxygen and
low content of carbon dioxide.Heart, section through the middle1056 41056 5The interior of the heart is composed of valves, chambers, and
associated vessels.ArrhythmiasCongenital heart diseaseHeart attackCardiomyopathyIschemic cardiomyopathyGastric bypass surgeryGastric bypass2006-11-04 00:53:47.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:16:28.0Gastric bypass surgeryGastric bypass surgeryGastric bypassGastric bypass surgeryDumping syndrome19830 419830 5Dumping syndrome occurs when the contents of the stomach empty too
quickly into the small intestine. The partially digested food draws
excess fluid into the small intestine causing nausea, cramping,
diarrhea, sweating, faintness, and palpitations. Dumping usually
occurs after the consumption of too much simple or refined sugar in
people who have had surgery to modify or remove all or part of the
stomach.Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD)19499 419499 5Malabsorptive operations, such as biliopancreatic diversion (BPD),
restrict both food intake and the amount of calories and nutrients
the body absorbs.In a BPD procedure, portions of the stomach are
removed. The small pouch that remains is connected directly to the
final segment of the small intestine, completely bypassing the
upper part of the small intestines. A common channel remains in
which bile and pancreatic digestive juices mix prior to entering
the colon. Weight loss occurs since most of the calories and
nutrients are routed into the colon where they are not absorbed.Adjustable gastric banding19497 419497 5Restrictive gastric operations, such as an adjustable gastric
banding procedure, serve only to restrict and decrease food intake
and do not interfere with the normal digestive process.In this
procedure, a hollow band made of special material is placed around
the stomach near its upper end, creating the small pouch and a
narrow passage into the larger remaining portion of the stomach.
This small passage delays the emptying of food from the pouch and
causes a feeling of fullness.The band can be tightened or loosened
over time to change the size of the passage. Initially, the pouch
holds about 1 ounce of food and later expands to 2-3 ounces.Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch19500 419500 5Malabsorptive operations restrict both food intake and the amount
of calories and nutrients the body absorbs.In this procedure, a
larger portion of the stomach is left intact, including the pyloric
valve that regulates the release of contents from the stomach into
the small intestine. The duodenum is divided near this
valve, and the small intestine divided as well. The
portion of the small intestine connected to large intestine is
attached to the short duodenal segment next to
the stomach. The remaining segment of the duodenum
connected to the pancreas and gallbladder is
attached to this limb closer to the large intestine. Where contents
from these two segments mix is called the common channel, which
dumps into the large intestine.Roux-en-Y stomach surgery for weight loss19268 419268 5The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure involves creating a stomach
pouch out of a small portion of the stomach and attaching it
directly to the small intestine, bypassing a large part of the
stomach and duodenum. Not only is the stomach pouch too small to
hold large amounts of food, but by skipping the duodenum, fat
absorption is substantially reduced.Vertical banded gastroplasty19498 419498 5Restrictive gastric operations, such as vertical banded
gastroplasty (VGB), serve only to restrict and decrease food intake
and do not interfere with the normal digestive process.In this
procedure the upper stomach near the esophagus is stapled
vertically to create a small pouch along the inner curve of the
stomach. The outlet from the pouch to the rest of the stomach is
restricted by a band made of special material. The band delays the
emptying of food from the pouch, causing a feeling of fullness.Laparoscopic gastric bandingAnesthesiaLaparoscopyHerniaGallstonesGallbladder removal - laparoscopicBody mass indexCoronary heart diseaseAsthmaType 2 diabetesHypertensionObstructive sleep apneaHigh blood cholesterol and triglyceridesGastroesophageal reflux diseaseRapid shallow breathingRapid shallow breathing2006-11-04 00:53:45.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:47:08.0Rapid shallow breathingRapid shallow breathingRapid shallow breathingDiaphragm19072 419072 5The diaphragm is a thin dome-shaped muscle which separates the
thoracic cavity (lungs and heart) from the abdominal cavity
(intestines, stomach, liver, etc.). It is involved in respiration,
drawing downward in the chest on inhalation, and pushing upward in
exhalation.Diaphragm and lungs19380 419380 5The diaphragm, located below the lungs, is the major muscle of
respiration. It is a large, dome-shaped muscle that contracts
rhythmically and continually, and most of the time, involuntarily.
Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens and the chest
cavity enlarges. This contraction creates a vacuum, which pulls air
into the lungs. Upon exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and returns
to its domelike shape, and air is forced out of the lungs.Respiratory system9248 49248 5When you breathe in, air first travels through the nasal passageway
or mouth, through the trachea, which further divides into bronchi,
then smaller bronchioles, finally ending in the tiny air sacs
(alveoli) in the lungs.HyperventilationAsthmaLung diseasePneumoniaPulmonary embolusBody mass indexBody mass index2006-11-04 00:53:42.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:21:33.0Body mass indexCalculating body frame size17182 4Learn here how to determine your body frame size.17182 5Body frame size is determined by a person's wrist circumference in
relation to his height. For example, a man whose height is over 5'
5" and wrist is 6" would fall into the small-boned
category.Determining frame size: To determine the body frame size,
measure the wrist with a tape measure and use the following chart
to determine whether the person is small, medium, or large
boned.Women:Height under 5'2" Small = wrist size less than
5.5"Medium = wrist size 5.5" to 5.75"Large = wrist size over
5.75"Height 5'2" to 5' 5" Small = wrist size less than 6"Medium =
wrist size 6" to 6.25"Large = wrist size over 6.25"Height over 5'
5" Small = wrist size less than 6.25"Medium = wrist size 6.25" to
6.5"Large = wrist size over 6.5"Men:Height over 5' 5" Small = wrist
size 5.5" to 6.5"Medium = wrist size 6.5" to 7.5"Large = wrist size
over 7.5"High blood pressureObstructive sleep apneaType 2 diabetesSevere acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)2006-11-04 00:53:37.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:28:44.0Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)Lungs1103 41103 5The major features of the lungs include the bronchi, the
bronchioles and the alveoli. The alveoli are the microscopic blood
vessel-lined sacks in which oxygen and carbon dioxide gas are
exchanged.Respiratory system9248 49248 5When you breathe in, air first travels through the nasal passageway
or mouth, through the trachea, which further divides into bronchi,
then smaller bronchioles, finally ending in the tiny air sacs
(alveoli) in the lungs.AcuteCommon coldProstate cancer - genetic and other markersProstate cancer - genetic and other markers2006-11-04 00:53:35.0ADAM2007-10-20 15:35:11.0Prostate cancer - genetic and other markersProstate cancer - genetic and other markersPSA blood test18039 418039 5Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein in the cytoplasm
of prostatic epithelial cells. It can be detected in the blood of
all adult men. The PSA level is increased in men with prostate
cancer but can also be increased somewhat in other disorders of the
prostate.Prostate cancer18038 418038 5Treatment of prostate cancer varies depending on the stage of the
cancer (i.e., spread) and may include surgical removal, radiation,
chemotherapy, hormonal manipulation or a combination of these
treatments.Male reproductive anatomy1113 41113 5The male reproductive structures include the penis, the scrotum,
the seminal vesicles and the prostate.Heart disease and womenHeart disease and women2006-11-04 00:53:32.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:51:25.0Heart disease and womenHeart disease and womenAcute MI17004 417004 5A heart attack or acute myocardial infarction (MI) occurs when one
of the arteries that supplies the heart muscle becomes blocked.
Blockage may be caused by spasm of the artery or by atherosclerosis
with acute clot formation. The blockage results in damaged tissue
and a permanent loss of contraction of this portion of the heart
muscle.Heart, front view1097 41097 5The external structures of the heart include the ventricles, atria,
arteries and veins. Arteries carry blood away from the heart while
veins carry blood into the heart. The vessels colored blue indicate
the transport of blood with relatively low content of oxygen and
high content of carbon dioxide. The vessels colored red indicate
the transport of blood with relatively high content of oxygen and
low content of carbon dioxide.Heart, section through the middle1056 41056 5The interior of the heart is composed of valves, chambers, and
associated vessels.Heart attackAngioplasty and stent placement - heartBody mass indexCoronary heart diseaseAnginaAtrial fibrillation/flutterDiabetesWest Nile virusWest Nile virus2006-11-04 00:53:31.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:37:47.0West Nile virusWest Nile virusWest Nile virusWest Nile virusMosquito, pupa1250 41250 5These are mosquito pupa. This is another stage in the development
of the mosquito. (Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention.)Mosquito, adult1247 41247 5This illustration shows an adult southern house mosquito. This
mosquito feeds on blood and is the carrier of many diseases, such
as encephalitis, West Nile, dengue fever, yellow fever, and others.
(Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)Mosquito, egg raft1248 41248 5Mosquitoes of the Culex species lay their eggs in the form of egg
rafts that float in still or stagnant water. The mosquito lays the
eggs one at a time sticking them together in the shape of a raft.
An egg raft can contain from 100 to 400 eggs. The eggs go through
larval and pupal stages and feed on micro-organisms before
developing into flying mosquitoes. (Image courtesy of the Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention.)Meninges of the brain19080 419080 5The organs of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
are covered by 3 connective tissue layers collectively called the
meninges. Consisting of the pia mater (closest to the CNS
structures), the arachnoid and the dura mater (farthest from the
CNS), the meninges also support blood vessels and contain
cerebrospinal fluid. These are the structures involved in
meningitis, an inflammation of the meninges, which, if severe, may
become encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain.Mosquito, adult feeding on the skin1246 41246 5There are many different species of mosquito, which can carry some of the world's most common and significant infectious diseases, including West Nile, Malaria, yellow fever, viral encephalitis, and dengue fever. (Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)EncephalitisMeningitisHIV InfectionChemotherapyStress echocardiographyStress Echocardiography2006-11-04 00:53:25.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:50:46.0Stress echocardiographyStress echocardiographyStress echocardiographyStress echocardiographyHeart, front view1097 41097 5The external structures of the heart include the ventricles, atria,
arteries and veins. Arteries carry blood away from the heart while
veins carry blood into the heart. The vessels colored blue indicate
the transport of blood with relatively low content of oxygen and
high content of carbon dioxide. The vessels colored red indicate
the transport of blood with relatively high content of oxygen and
low content of carbon dioxide.Heart, section through the middle1056 41056 5The interior of the heart is composed of valves, chambers, and
associated vessels.Coronary heart diseaseEchocardiogramExercise stress testAnginaKidney diet - dialysis patientsKidney diet - dialysis patients2006-11-04 00:53:23.0ADAM2007-10-20 15:35:17.0Kidney diet - dialysis patientsKidney diet - dialysis patientsKidney diet - dialysis patientsKidney diet - dialysis patientsKidney diet - dialysis patientsKidney anatomy1101 41101 5The kidneys are responsible for removing wastes from the body, regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure, and stimulating red blood cell production.Stem cell researchStem cell research2006-11-04 00:53:19.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:28:15.0Stem cell researchStem cell researchIn vitro fertilization (IVF)Alzheimer’s diseaseParkinson’s diseaseCoronary heart diseaseCoronary heart disease2006-11-04 00:53:18.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:48:29.0Coronary heart diseaseCoronary heart diseaseCoronary heart diseaseCoronary heart diseasePosterior heart arteries18037 418037 5The coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle. The right
coronary artery supplies both the left and the right heart; the
left coronary artery supplies the left heart.Cholesterol producers19269 4Find out how cholesterol is produced. 19269 5Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like material that is found in all parts
of the body. It comes from two sources: our liver produces it, and
we consume it in meat and dairy products.Anterior heart arteries9367 49367 5The coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle. The right
coronary artery supplies both the left and the right heart; the
left coronary artery supplies the left heart.Acute MI17004 417004 5A heart attack or acute myocardial infarction (MI) occurs when one
of the arteries that supplies the heart muscle becomes blocked.
Blockage may be caused by spasm of the artery or by atherosclerosis
with acute clot formation. The blockage results in damaged tissue
and a permanent loss of contraction of this portion of the heart
muscle.Heart, front view1097 41097 5The external structures of the heart include the ventricles, atria,
arteries and veins. Arteries carry blood away from the heart while
veins carry blood into the heart. The vessels colored blue indicate
the transport of blood with relatively low content of oxygen and
high content of carbon dioxide. The vessels colored red indicate
the transport of blood with relatively high content of oxygen and
low content of carbon dioxide.Coronary artery disease200082 4Coronary artery diseaseHeart, section through the middle1056 41056 5The interior of the heart is composed of valves, chambers, and
associated vessels.Directional coronary atherectomy (DCA)200139 4Unstable anginaAtherosclerosisAnginaHeart attackMenopauseHeart disease and womenDiabetesHypertensionLDL testHDL testMetabolic syndromeTriglyceride levelKidney diseaseStrokeAbdominal aortic aneurysmC-reactive proteinFibrinogenAmino acidsHormone therapyHormone Replacement Therapy is medication containing one or more female hormones to treat symptoms of menopause. Click to learn more about it. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)2006-11-04 00:53:13.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:16:12.0Hormone therapyHormone therapyUterus19263 419263 5The uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis
between the bladder and rectum. The ovaries produce the eggs that
travel through the fallopian tubes. Once the egg has left the ovary
it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the
uterus. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the
developing fetus prior to birth.HysterectomyMenopauseOsteoporosisUrinary incontinenceDeep venous thrombosisPulmonary embolusPressure ulcerPressure ulcer (bedsore)2006-11-04 00:53:08.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:01:40.0Pressure ulcerPressure ulcerPressure ulcerPressure ulcerProgression of a decubitis ulcer19092 419092 5If untreated, a pressure sore can progress from a small irritated
but unbroken skin patch to a potentially life-threatening wound
involving extensive tissue death and infection. Treatment of the
serious decubitus ulcer may include drying out the wound, debriding
(excising) the dead tissue, and administering systemic antibiotics.Areas where bedsores occur19091 419091 5Bedsores, also known as pressure sores or decubitus ulcers, are a
breakdown and ulceration of tissue due to a combination of the
weight of the body on the surface of the skin and the friction of a
resistant surface such as a bed. Areas where bony prominences are
less padded by muscle and fat, such as the hip bones, tailbone and
heels of the feet, are most susceptible to bedsores. Non-mobile
patients are vulnerable to the formation pressure sores when left
lying for long periods of time in the same prone position.Chickenpox vaccineChickenpox - vaccine2006-11-04 00:53:05.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:40:30.0Chickenpox vaccineChickenpox vaccineChickenpox - lesions on the chest1301 41301 5This picture shows chickenpox lesions on the chest. A vaccine for
chickenpox has been approved for use in the United States.
Chickenpox remains a common infectious disease, and most people are
familiar with its appearance. (Image courtesy of the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention.)Chickenpox - lesion on the leg1302 41302 5This is a typical chickenpox lesion seen here on the leg. (Image
courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)Chickenpox, acute pneumonia - chest X-ray2317 42317 5This chest X-ray shows cloudiness throughout the lungs, caused by
acute pneumonia following chickenpox. Pneumonia, as a complication
of chickenpox, rarely occurs in children, but occurs in about
one-fifth of adults.Chickenpox19655 419655 5Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, a member of the
herpesvirus family. The same virus also causes herpes zoster,
shingles, in adults. Chickenpox is extremely contagious, and can be
spread by direct contact, droplet transmission, and airborne
transmission. Symptoms range from fever, headache, stomach ache, or
loss of appetite before breaking out in the classic pox rash. The
rash can consist of several hundred small, itchy, fluid-filled
blisters over red spots on the skin. The blisters often appear
first on the face, trunk, or scalp and then spread to other parts
of the body.Chickenpox - close-up2318 42318 5This is a close-up picture of chickenpox. Early chickenpox lesions
consist of small red papules which quickly fill with a yellowish or
straw colored fluid to form small blisters (vesicles), as seen in
this photograph. Later, these vesicles will rupture forming shallow
erosions that crust over and then ultimately heal.ShinglesChickenpoxFeverSeizuresPneumoniaAnaphylaxisGynecologic laparoscopyGynecologic laparoscopy2006-11-04 00:52:58.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:26:46.0Gynecologic laparoscopyGynecologic laparoscopyGynecologic laparoscopyGynecologic laparoscopyPelvic laparoscopy1109 41109 5Laparoscopy is performed when less-invasive surgery is desired. It
is also called "band-aid" surgery because only small incisions need
to be made to accomodate the small surgical instruments that are
used to view the abdominal contents and perform the surgery.Ovarian cystsOvarian cancerPelvic laparoscopyTubal ligationAnesthesiaPain medicationsIn vitro fertilization (IVF)Ectopic pregnancyHysterectomyHeart bypass surgery - minimally invasiveMinimally invasive heart surgery2006-11-04 00:52:53.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:40:33.0Heart bypass surgery - minimally invasiveHeart bypass surgery - minimally invasiveMinimally invasive heart surgeryHeart bypass surgery - minimally invasivePosterior heart arteries18037 418037 5The coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle. The right
coronary artery supplies both the left and the right heart; the
left coronary artery supplies the left heart.Anterior heart arteries9367 49367 5The coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle. The right
coronary artery supplies both the left and the right heart; the
left coronary artery supplies the left heart.Heart bypass surgery - seriesHeart bypass surgery - series2007-03-27 13:09:40.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:32:17.0Coronary artery stent9949 49949 5An intraluminal coronary artery stent is a small, self-expanding,
stainless steel mesh tube that is placed within a coronary artery
to keep the vessel open. It may be used during a coronary artery
bypass graft surgery to keep the grafted vessel open, after balloon
angioplasty to prevent reclosure of the blood vessel, or during
other heart surgeries.Heart, front view1097 41097 5The external structures of the heart include the ventricles, atria,
arteries and veins. Arteries carry blood away from the heart while
veins carry blood into the heart. The vessels colored blue indicate
the transport of blood with relatively low content of oxygen and
high content of carbon dioxide. The vessels colored red indicate
the transport of blood with relatively high content of oxygen and
low content of carbon dioxide.Heart bypass surgeryAngioplasty and stent placement - heartAnginaFecal occult blood test (FOBT)Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)2006-11-04 00:52:48.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:13:30.0Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)Fecal occult blood test19814 419814 5A fecal occult blood test is a noninvasive test that detects the
presence of hidden blood in the stool. Blood in the stool that is
not visible is often the first, and in many cases the only, warning
sign that a person has colorectal disease, including colon cancer.Colon cancerStool guaiac testFlushable reagent stool blood testColon cancer screeningAnemiaHepatitis A - vaccineHepatitis A - vaccine2006-11-04 00:52:44.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:18:20.0Hepatitis A - vaccineHepatitis A - vaccineImmunizations - general overviewHepatitis AAntibodyFeverAging changes in immunityAging changes in immunity2006-11-04 00:52:34.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:27:33.0Aging changes in immunityAging changes in immunityImmune system structures8673 48673 5The immune system protects the body from potentially harmful
substances. The inflammatory response (inflammation) is part of
innate immunity. It occurs when tissues are injured by bacteria,
trauma, toxins, heat, or any other cause.The fluCancerWalking abnormalitiesArthritisTetanusPneumoniaInfluenza vaccineHepatitisBalanced dietAlcohol useSafetyAging changes in hormone productionAging changes in organs - tissue - cellsAging changes in hair and nailsAging changes in hair and nails2006-11-04 00:52:33.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:39:47.0Aging changes in hair and nailsAging changes in hair and nailsAging changes in nails8671 48671 5The nails change with aging, growing more slowly, and becoming dull
and brittle. The color may change from translucent to yellowed and
opaque. Nails, especially toenails, may become hard and thick and
ingrown toenails may be more common. The tips of the fingernails
may fragment. Sometimes, lengthwise (longitudinal) ridges will
develop in the fingernails and toenails. This can be a normal aging
change. However, some nail changes can be caused by infections,
nutritional problems, trauma, and other problems.Aged hair follicle8670 48670 5Aged hair follicles are no longer as prepared for new hair growth.Hair follicle of young person8669 48669 5Hair color is caused by a pigment (melanin) that is produced by the
hair follicle. With aging, the follicle produces less melanin.MelaninHair lossMale pattern baldnessFemale pattern baldnessAging changes in skinAging changes in the faceNail abnormalitiesOver-the-counter birth controlOver-the-counter birth control2006-11-04 00:52:31.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:33:42.0Over-the-counter birth controlOver-the-counter birth controlFemale condomsHIV InfectionCervixBirth control and family planningDiabetes educationDiabetic education2006-11-04 00:52:26.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:27:21.0Diabetes educationDiabetes educationEndocrine glands1093 41093 5Endocrine glands release hormones (chemical messengers) into the
bloodstream to be transported to various organs and tissues
throughout the body. For instance, the pancreas secretes insulin,
which allows the body to regulate levels of sugar in the blood. The
thyroid gets instructions from the pituitary to secrete hormones
which determine the pace of chemical activity in the body (the more
hormone in the bloodstream, the faster the chemical activity; the
less hormone, the slower the activity).Monitor blood glucose - seriesMonitor blood glucose - series2007-03-27 13:09:58.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:27:21.0Diabetic blood circulation in foot19290 419290 5People with diabetes are at risk for blood vessel injury, which may
be severe enough to cause tissue damage in the legs and feet.Food and insulin release8812 48812 5Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas in response to
increased glucose levels in the blood.Weight managementResourcesDiabetesHypoglycemiaDiabetes diet - type 1Glucose test - bloodBlood glucose monitoringKetones - urineAlcohol useDiabetes - resourcesBowel retrainingBowel retraining2006-11-04 00:52:13.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:37:22.0Bowel retrainingBowel retrainingKegel exercisesBiofeedbackBowel incontinenceMultiple sclerosisConstipationFecal impactionBacterial gastroenteritisFiberPets and the immunocompromised personPets and the immunocompromised person2006-11-04 00:52:12.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:28:09.0Pets and the immunocompromised personPets and the immunocompromised personHIV virus and t-cells9740 49740 5HIV is a viral infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV), which can gradually destroy the immune system.Diabetes foot careDiabetes foot care2006-11-04 00:52:07.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:35:03.0Diabetes foot careDiabetes foot careDiabetic foot care8637 48637 5Diabetics must take special care of their fingers and toes to be
sure they are receiving adequate blood supply.Diabetic foot care17149 417149 5People with diabetes are prone to foot problems because the disease
can cause damage to the blood vessels and nerves, which may result
in decreased ability to sense a trauma to the foot. The immune
system is also altered, so that the diabetic cannot efficiently
fight infection.NecrosisDiabetesDiabetic neuropathyFrostbiteTay-Sachs - resourcesTay-Sachs - resources2006-11-04 00:52:06.0ADAM2009-11-05 07:58:49.0Tay-Sachs - resourcesTay-Sachs - resourcesCentral nervous system8679 48679 5The central nervous system is comprised of the brain and spinal
cord. The peripheral nervous system includes all peripheral nerves.Tay-Sachs diseaseKaryotypingKaryotyping2006-11-04 00:52:05.0ADAM2009-11-05 08:19:38.0KaryotypingKaryotypingKaryotypingKaryotypingKaryotyping9488 49488 5Karyotyping is a test used to identify chromosome abnormalities as
the cause of malformation or disease. The test can be performed on
a sample of blood, bone marrow, amniotic fluid, or placental
tissue.MiscarriageInfant test/procedure preparationToddler test or procedure preparationPreschooler test or procedure preparationSchool age test or procedure preparationAdolescent test or procedure preparationAmniocentesisBone marrow biopsyVenipunctureChronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)News (more_index_1_1_1)FYI (more_index_1_1_3)Health Tip: Understanding Crohn's DiseaseThere is no cure2007-10-19 00:00:00.0HealthDay2008-05-05 23:03:35.0AbdominoplastyAcidophilusAdhesionsAmebiasisSoy - Many Forms, Many BenefitsLearn how different forms of soy can lead to tastier dishes and
healthier diets.Soy - Health Benefits ExplainedRead about the many healthy benefits of soy.Smart PillWatch this clip to learn about an innovative new treatment being
used to fight acid reflux disease and heartburn.Sleepless Stomach -- Relief for Nighttime GERDDr. Dean Edell describes the symptoms and possible treatment
methods for nighttime acid reflux.Gastroesophageal Reflux DiseasePPI Therapy
Proton pump inhibitors are drugs which reduce acid secretion of the stomach. Watch this animation to see how PPI helps block acid.
 
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