Dupuyten's disease - which involves abnormal thickening of the tissue of the skin beneath the palm of the hand - is not typically painful and often is treated with simple stretching. In more serious cases, which unfortunately you have, surgery is required to help with pain and stop the fingers from contracting. It is not uncommon for Dupuyten's disease to recur - hence your need for multiple surgeries.
Some other treatments for Dupuyten's disease - which you've presumably tried - include stretching, ultrasound and heat. One experimental treatments involves the immune agent interferon alpha -2b to try to break up the collagen deposits.