Multiple Chemical Sensitivity. Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a term now used to describe a condition in which certain chemicals can cause symptoms similar to CFS in some people. It has also been observed in people with CFS. Experts have come up with criteria to help recognize people with MCS.
- The symptoms are reproducible with repeated exposure to a chemical. (These are often common chemicals found in popular products, such as perfumes, fabric softeners, and air fresheners.)
- The condition is chronic.
- Symptoms can be produced by exposure to the chemical at levels lower than previously or commonly tolerated.
- The symptoms improve when the chemical is removed.
- Symptoms can be triggered by multiple substances that are chemically unrelated.
- Symptoms involve multiple organ systems.
Still, as with CFS and fibromyalgia, some experts are uncertain whether MCS is an actual medical condition or is psychologically based. In one study, for example, CFS patients who believed their problem was chemically triggered were exposed to either an active chemical or a placebo (an inactive substance). Both groups reported symptoms, including those exposed only to the placebo. It should be noted that everyone is exposed to many chemicals on a daily basis, and it is very difficult to determine if chemicals are responsible for specific symptoms.
Eating Disorders. Eating disorders, notably bulimia and anorexia, have been observed in patients with CFS. In one small study, CFS occurred after the development of the eating disorder. It is not clear if there was a causal relationship. The conditions often have over-lapping risk factors, although whether there is a causal relationship is unclear.
Work-Related Fatigue and Burn-Out. Many people who suffer burn-out or fatigue from employment have symptoms that are similar or even identical to CFS. One study of nurses, for example, found that those who were exposed to poor working conditions and threats of accidents faced a higher risk for CFS symptoms than those without these experiences. However, work-related CFS symptoms are usually of much shorter duration. It they persist, however, doctors should not rule out CFS.
Other Conditions that Commonly Co-exist With CFS. A number of other conditions also often co-exist with CFS and, in fact, occur at higher-than-average rates among CFS patients:
- Temporomandibular disorder (TMD)
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Chronic headaches
- Interstitial cystitis
- Hypothyroidism
- Sjögren syndrome
- Sleep problems
- Cognitive problems such as difficulty concentrating, impaired memory, and symptoms of attention deficit disorders
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