Hemorrhoids

Prevention

You often can prevent hemorrhoids by preventing episodes of constipation. Some of the following diet and lifestyle changes may help you to soften your stool, establish a regular schedule for bowel movements and avoid the straining that can lead to hemorrhoids:

• Add more fiber to your diet - Set a goal of 25 to 30 grams of fiber daily, from such high-fiber foods as beans, broccoli, carrots, bran, whole grains and fresh fruits. To avoid bloating and gas, add these foods gradually over a period of several days.

• Drink adequate amounts of fluid - For most healthy adults, this is the equivalent of six to eight glasses of water daily.

• Begin a program of regular exercise - As little as 20 minutes of brisk walking daily can stimulate your bowels to move regularly.

• Train your digestive tract to have regular bowel movements - Schedule a 10-minute period to sit on the toilet at approximately the same time each day. The best time to do this is usually right after a meal.

• Respond immediately to the urge to have a bowel movement - Do not postpone until the time is more convenient.

If dietary changes are not enough to prevent hard, dry stools, your doctor may suggest that you use a stool softener (docusate or mineral oil) or a fiber supplement containing psyllium or methylcellulose.

Treatment

If you have been diagnosed with hemorrhoids in the past, and you are experiencing a flare-up of pain or itching, try the following strategy:

• Because persistent constipation can aggravate your hemorrhoids and prevent them from improving, take preventive measures to avoid constipation.

• Try sitz baths. Sit in a tub filled with warm water for 10 to 15 minutes several times a day.

• Apply a cold compress or icepack to the anal area, or try a cool cotton pad soaked in witch hazel.

• Apply petroleum jelly or aloe vera gel to the anal area, or use an over-the-counter hemorrhoid preparation containing lidocaine or hydrocortisone.

• After every bowel movement, clean the anal area with a witch hazel pad, a soothing baby wipe or a cotton cloth soaked in warm water. Be thorough but gentle. Aggressive rubbing and scrubbing, especially with soaps or other skin cleansers, can irritate the skin and make your hemorrhoids worse.

• As necessary, modify your daily activities. Lie down periodically to decrease pressure in your anal area, and avoid spending long periods of time on the toilet.