Most athletes only have to worry about their recovery in terms of getting in a meal- ingesting some combination of carbohydrates and protein.  The process of eating alone will stimulate the release of insulin that will allow the cells to take in the nutrients.   Some experts recommend choosing particularly simple sugars and rapidly-digesting protein, in order to maximally spike insulin levels. 

However, my personal post-workout recovery plan is a little bit more complicated.  Even if I consume exactly what I need to- high quality carbohydrates and protein- my recovery will be hurt without adequate insulin.  Therefore, I am always very careful about taking a big bolus of insulin right when I am finished training, (especially if I have been suspended or running a lower percentage of my basal.)  By doing so, I can be positive that my body will be able to actually take advantage of the post-workout nutrition, using it to rebuild and strengthen muscle tissues.  

Insulin is well recognized as an anabolic hormone, but most of this recognition is notorious due to its potential to store fat. Yet, it is important to remember, especially for athletes, that insulin stores energy in muscle cells too!  Maximizing insulin levels following an intense workout has a direct impact on recovery, as it is necessary for the cells to refuel and rebuild.