Medullary carcinoma of thyroid

Injury	Disease	Nutrition	Poison

Symptoms	Surgery	Test	Special Topic

Thyroid cancer - CT scan

Medullary carcinoma of thyroid

Definition:

Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid is a malignancy of the thyroid gland arising from the C cell, which secretes the hormone calcitonin.

Alternative Names:
Thyroid - medullary carcinoma; Cancer - thyroid (medullary carcinoma)
Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

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The cause is unknown, but is not thought to be related to radiation therapy, as opposed to other thyroid cancers. Thyroid function tests are usually normal. Risk factors are a family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN), a prior history of pheochromocytoma, mucosal neuromas, or hyperparathyroidism.

The average age at diagnosis is the mid-40s, except in patients with inherited cancer syndromes, in which the cancer often occurs earlier. Approximately 700 new cases are diagnosed each year in the United States. The condition runs in the family about 20% of the time.

Other types of thyroid cancer are papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid, follicular tumor of the thyroid, thyroid lymphoma, and metastatic thyroid cancer.

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