Primary hyperparathyroidism

Injury Disease Nutrition Poison Symptoms Surgery Test Special Topic

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Endocrine glands Parathyroid glands

Overview Symptoms Treatment Prevention

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Treatment depends upon the severity and cause of the condition. Mild hypercalcemia may be monitored -- rather than treated -- unless impaired renal function, kidney stones or bone demineralization occur.

Treatment may include:

• Encouraging fluids given by mouth to prevent kidney stone formation
• Avoiding sedentary lifestyle or immobilization
• Avoiding thiazide-type diuretics
• Using estrogen therapy (for postmenopausal women)

For symptomatic, severe hypercalcemia, hospitalization may be required. Rehydration using intravenous fluids may be started. Medications to quickly bring down the calcium may be given, such as bisphosphonates and calcitonin

Surgical removal of a tumor or excess parathyroid tissue from hyperplasia is indicated if hypercalcemia is more severe or if one or more of the following complications are present: kidney stones (nephrolithiasis), pancreatitis, psychiatric disease, or bone demineralization.

Surgery is also recommended for younger patients (less than 50 years old).

The prognosis is good for mild cases, which are in the majority.

Complications that result from excess calcium deposits within the body:

• Skeletal damage
• Urinary tract infection due to kidney stones and obstruction
• Pancreatitis
• Pseudogout

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms indicate that primary hyperparathyroidism may be present.

Call your health care provider if signs of complications develop.

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