Early and aggressive fluids (hydration) may prevent kidney damage by rapidly flushing myoglobin out of the kidneys. Fluids may need to be given through a vein (by IV). Some patients may need kidney dialysis.

Medicines that may be prescribed include diuretics and bicarbonate (if urine output is sufficient).

Hyperkalemia and low blood calcium levels (hypocalcemia) should be treated if present. Kidney failure should be treated as appropriate.

The outcome varies depending on the extent of kidney damage. Acute kidney failure occurs in many patients. Treatment soon after rhabdomyolysis begins will reduce the risk of chronic kidney damage.

People with milder cases may return to normal activity within a few weeks to a month or more. However, some continue to have problems with fatigue and muscle pain.

• Acute tubular necrosis
• Acute renal failure

Call your health care provider if symptoms indicate rhabdomyolysis may be present.

Images

Male urinary system

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Review Date: 08/13/2009
Reviewed By: Parul Patel, MD, Private Practice specializing in Nephrology and Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Affiliated with California Pacific Medical Center, Department of Transplantation, San Francisco, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org)