Sunday, May 26, 2013

Diabetes insipidus - nephrogenic

Table of Contents

Alternative Names

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; Acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; Congenital diabetes insipidus


Symptoms

You may have intense or uncontrollable thirst, and crave ice water. You will produce large amounts of urine, usually more than 3 - 15 liters per day.

If you do not drink enough fluids, dehydration can result. Symptoms may include:

  • Dry mucous membranes
  • Dry skin
  • Sunken appearance to eyes
  • Sunken fontanelles (soft spot) in infants

Other symptoms that can occur due to inadequate fluids include:

  • Fatigue, lethargy
  • Headache
  • Irritability
  • Low body temperature
  • Muscle pains
  • Rapid heart rate
  • Weight loss

Signs and tests

A physical exam may reveal:

  • Low blood pressure
  • Rapid pulse
  • Shock
  • Signs of dehydration

Testing may reveal:

  • High serum osmolality
  • High urine output, regardless of how many fluids you drink
  • Kidneys don't concentrate urine when the person is given ADH
  • Low urine osmolality
  • Normal or high ADH levels

Other tests that may be done include:

  • Serum sodium
  • Urine 24 hour volume
  • Urine concentration test
  • Urine specific gravity

Review Date: 06/01/2010
Reviewed By: Charles Silberberg, DO, Private Practice specializing in Nephrology, Affiliated with New York Medical College, Division of Nephrology, Valhalla, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org)