Asymptomatic HIV infection

Table of Contents

Alternative Names

HIV infection - asymptomatic


Symptoms

Asymptomatic HIV infection, by definition, does NOT have symptoms typically associated with HIV, such as:

  • Fever
  • Opportunistic infections (opportunistic means they occur because the weakened immune system provides the "opportunity" for infections to take hold. Serious opportunistic infections include Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus, and Mycobacterium avium).
  • Oral thrush (also an opportunistic infection, but not life-threatening and does not require a seriously weakened immune system to occur)
  • Weight loss

Signs and tests

The diagnosis of HIV infection is based on standard blood tests such as the HIV antibody test (ELISA). A Western blot confirms the diagnosis.

How well an HIV-infected person's immune system is functioning can be determined by measuring the level of certain white blood cells called CD4 lymphocytes (also known as helper T lymphocytes).



Review Date: 12/01/2009
Reviewed By: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org)