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Epispadias



Male reproductive system
Male reproductive system


Epispadias

Symptoms:

In males:

In females:

  • Abnormal opening from the bladder neck to the area above the normal urethal opening
  • Bladder exstrophy (may or may not be present)
  • Widened pubic bone
  • Bifid clitoris, rudimentary labia
  • Urinary incontinence
  • Reflux nephropathy
  • Urinary tract infections

Signs and tests:



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