Trisomy 18

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Trisomy 18

Edwards syndrome

• Unusually large uterus during pregnancy
• Low birth weight infant
• Mental deficiency
• Low-set ears
• Small jaw (micrognathia)
• Clenched hands
• Hypoplastic (underdeveloped) fingernails
• Umbilical hernia or inguinal hernia
• Diastasis recti
• Cryptorchidism
• Crossed legs (preferred position)
• Congenital heart disease
  • VSD (ventricular septal defect )
  • ASD (atrial septal defect )
  • PDA (patent ductus arteriosus )
• Congenital kidney abnormalities
  • Horseshoe kidney
  • Hydronephrosis
  • Polycystic kidney
• Coloboma of iris
• Microcephaly
• Pectus carinatum

Examination of the pregnant woman may show polyhydramnios (extra amniotic fluid). At the birth of the child, an unusually small placenta may be noted.

Physical examination may show an excess of arched type finger print patterns. X-rays may reveal a short breast bone (sternum). Chromosome studies show trisomy 18, partial trisomy, or translocation.

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