Rape

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Post-traumatic stress disorder

Overview

Rape

Definition:

Rape is defined as sexual intercourse forced on a person without his or her permission.

Alternative Names:
Sex and rape; Date rape
Information:

According to most estimates, 80-90% of rapes are not reported to authorities. Current trends project that 1 in 3 American women will be sexually assaulted at some point during her life.

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The typical rape victim is a 16-24 year-old woman. Anyone, however -- man or woman, adult or child -- can be the victim of rape. Most commonly, the assailant is a 25-44 year-old man who plans his attack. He usually choses a woman of the same race. Nearly half the time, the victim knows the rapist at least casually, by working or living near him. Alcohol is involved in more than 1 out of 3 rapes.

Over 50% of rapes occur in the victim's home. The rapist breaks into the victim's home or gains access under false pretenses, such as asking to use the phone or posing as a repairman or salesman.

Rape is a violent act, and most commonly committed by a male upon a female. However, some cases of rape have been reported in which a woman has raped a man. Rape also may occur between members of the same sex. This is more prevalent in situations where access to the opposite sex is restricted (such as prisons, military settings, and single-sex schools).

Rape is an act of violence expressed through sex, but is not primarily about sex.

Those who face some form of discrimination are believed to be at higher risk of sexual assault. This increased vulnerability can assume various forms. For example, those with disabilities or limited language skills have a decreased ability to call for help; and prostitutes or convicted prisoners have a decreased "perceived" credibility.

PREVENTION

The most useful means of prevention available currently is to make women more aware of the reality of rape. Law enforcement agencies strongly advocate prevention as the best form of protection. The following safety tips may help minimize the chance of being victimized:

Keep doors/windows secured with locks.
If walking or jogging, stay out of secluded or isolated areas and arrange to do the activity with at least one other friend, rather than alone. It is best to engage in activities during daylight hours.
Try to appear strong, confident, aware, and secure in your surroundings.
Keep car doors locked while driving, check back of car for intruders prior to getting in, and park in open, well-lighted areas.
On public transportation, sit near the driver or up front if possible; avoid sitting near groups of young men obviously associated with one another.
Consider taking a self-defense class, which can promote self-confidence and provide useful skills and strategies for different situations.
Carry items that can call attention to you if needed (whistles, personal alarms, etc.)
If an assault attempt is initiated, scream loudly and/or blow a whistle.
Do not hitchhike. If your vehicle breaks down and someone offers to give you a ride, ask the person to call for help while you stay locked in your vehicle.