Table of Contents
- Overview
- Prevention
- Images
Only a few, rare, disorders are X-linked dominant. One of these is hypophosphatemic
CHROMOSOMAL DISORDERS
In chromosomal disorders, the defect is due to an excess or lack of the genes contained in a whole chromosome or chromosome segment.
Chromosomal disorders include:
- Down syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome Turner syndrome
MULTIFACTORIAL DISORDERS
Many of the most common diseases involve interactions of several genes and the environment (for example, illnesses in the mother and medications). These include:
Cancer - Coronary heart disease
Hypertension Stroke
MITOCHONDRIAL DNA-LINKED DISORDERS
Mitochondria are small organisms found in most of the body's cells. They are responsible for energy production inside cells. Mitochondria contain their own private DNA.
In recent years, more than 60 hereditary disorders have been shown to result from changes (mutations) in mitochondrial DNA. Because mitochondria come only from the female egg, most mitochondria-related disorders are passed down only from the mother.
Mitochondrial disorders can appear at any age. They have a wide variety of symptoms and signs. These disorders may cause:
- Blindness
- Developmental delay
- Gastrointestinal problems
- Hearing loss
- Heart rhythm problems
- Metabolic disturbances
- Short stature
Images
Review Date: 04/26/2010
Reviewed By: Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of
Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also
reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org)
