Painful menstrual periods

Diagnostic tests that may be performed include:

Blood tests including CBC
Ultrasound
Dilation of the cervix
Laparoscopy
Cultures (may be taken to rule out sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea, primary syphilis, or chlamydia infections)

Birth control pills may be prescribed to alleviate menstrual pain. If not needed for birth control, they may be discontinued after 6 to 12 months. Many women note continued freedom from symptoms despite stopping the medication.

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Surgery may be necessary for women who are unable to obtain adequate pain relief or pain control. Procedures may range from removal of cysts, polyps, adhesions, or fibroids to complete hysterectomy in cases of extreme endometriosis.

Prescription medications may be used for endometriosis. For pain caused by an IUD, removal of the IUD and alternative birth control methods may be needed.

Antibiotics are necessary for pelvic inflammatory disease.

References:

Mahutte NG. Medical management of endometriosis-associated pain. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2003; 30(1): 133-150.

French L. Dysmenorrhea. Am Fam Physician. 2005; 71(2): 285-291.

Rakel D. Integrative Medicine. 1st edition. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 2003:385.