Endoscopy

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Colonoscopy

Overview

Risks

Results

Endoscopy

Definition:

An endoscope is a medical device consisting of a camera mounted on a flexible tube. Small instruments can be used to take samples of suspicious tissues through the endoscope.

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In gastrointestinal endoscopy, this device is inserted through the mouth or anus. For other areas, small incisions are made.

Anultrasound probe can beadded to a gastrointestinal endoscope. This is called an endoscopic ultrasound. Depending on the area of interest, this device can also be passed through the mouth or anus.

How the test is performed:

There are many types of endoscope, and they are named in relation to the organs or areas they explore. Endoscopes used to look directly at the ovaries, appendix, or other abdominal organs, for example, are called laparoscopes (laparoscopy).

Other endoscopes are inserted through incisions to look at joints (arthroscopy) or the lungs (bronchoscopy), and still others are used to view the inside of the bladder (cystoscopy).

Please see the following tests or procedures for more information on how the test will feel, the risks, why the test is performed, and normal and abnormal results:

How to prepare for the test:

You may be asked not to eat or drink before some types of endoscopy, such as an examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Before an examination of the lower gastrointestinal tract, you patient may also be asked to clear the colon of stool using enemas or laxatives.

Ask your health care provider about any special preparation before your endoscopy.

How the test will feel:

During an endoscopy, the patient is sedated. With appropriate sedation, the patient should experience little if any discomfort.

In endoscopic ultrasound of the rectum, sedation is not usually administered. The probe will create a sensation of the need to move the bowels, but should not cause any pain.

Why the test is performed:

An endoscopy may be performed for a variety of signs and symptoms, including bleeding, pain, difficulty swallowing, and a change in bowel habits. Exams of the colon may also be performed to screen for colon polyps and colon cancer. An endoscopic ultrasound of the GI tract may be used to give different information about an organ than would be acquired by a standard endoscopy