Doppler ultrasound exam of an arm or leg

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Doppler ultrasonography of an extremity

Overview

Risks

Results

Doppler ultrasound exam of an arm or leg

Definition:

This test uses ultrasound to examine the blood flow in the major arteries and veins in the arms and legs.

How the test is performed:

The test is done in the ultrasound or radiology department or in a peripheral vascular lab.

To examine the veins:

A water-soluble gel is placed on the transducer (a handheld device that directs the high-frequency sound waves to the artery or vein being tested) and the skin over the veins of the extremity being tested.

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There is a "swishing" sound on the Doppler if the venous (vein) system is normal. Both the superficial and deep venous systems are evaluated.

To examine the arteries:

Blood pressure cuffs will be put around the thigh, calf, and ankle to examine the legs. In the arms, the blood pressure cuffs are placed at different points along the arm. A conductive paste is applied to the skin over the arteries being examined. The cuff will be inflated above the normal systolic blood pressure for the extremity.

The transducer is placed near the cuff, and the pressure in the cuff is released slowly. When the "swishing" is detected, it is recorded as the blood pressure. This is repeated for each cuff.

How to prepare for the test:

You will need to remove clothing from the extremity being examined.

For infants and children:

The preparation you can provide for this test depends on your child's age and experience. For specific information regarding how you can prepare your child, see the following topics:

Infant test/procedure preparation (birth to 1 year)
Toddler test/procedure preparation (1 to 3 years)
Preschooler test/procedure preparation (3 to 6 years)
Schoolage test/procedure preparation (6 to 12 years)
Adolescent test/procedure preparation (12 to 18 years)

How the test will feel:

There is little or no discomfort associated with this test.

Why the test is performed:

This test is done as an alternative to arteriography and venography. It may help diagnose a blood clot, venous insufficiency, arterial occlusion (closing), abnormalities in the carotid artery blood flow caused by a narrowing and to evaluate trauma to the arteries. The test may also be used to monitor arterial reconstruction and bypass grafts.