Sexual problems overview

Sexual dysfunctions are most common in the early adult years, with the majority of people seeking care for such conditions during their late 20s through 30s. The incidence increases again in the perimenopause and postmenopause years in women, and in the geriatric population, typically with gradual onset of symptoms that are associated most commonly with medical causes of sexual dysfunction.

Sexual dysfunction is more common in people who abuse alcohol and drugs. It is also more likely in people suffering from diabetes and degenerative neurological disorders. Ongoing psychological problems, difficulty maintaining relationships, or chronic disharmony with the current sexual partner may also interfere with sexual function.

PREVENTION

Open, informative, and accurate communication regarding sexual issues and body image between parents and their children may prevent children from developing anxiety or guilt about sex, and may help them develop healthy sexual relationships.

Review all medications, both prescription and over-the-counter, for possible side effects that relate to sexual dysfunction. Avoiding drug and alcohol abuse will also help prevent sexual dysfunction.

Couples who are open and honest about their sexual preferences and feelings are more likely to avoid some sexual dysfunction. One partner should, ideally, be able to communicate desires and preferences to the other partner.

People who are victims of sexual trauma, such as sexual abuse or rape at any age, are urged to seek psychiatric advice. Individual counseling with an expert in trauma may prove beneficial in allowing sexual abuse victims to overcome sexual difficulties and enjoy voluntary sexual experiences with a chosen partner.

SYMPTOMS

• Men or women:
  • Inability to feel aroused
  • Lack of interest in sex (loss of libido)
  • Pain with intercourse (much less common in men than women)
• Men :
  • Delay or absence of ejaculation, despite adequate stimulation
  • Inability to control timing of ejaculation
  • Inability to get an erection
  • Inability to keep an erection adequately for intercourse
• Women:
  • Burning pain on the vulva or in the vagina with contact to those areas
  • Inability to reach orgasm
  • Inability to relax vaginal muscles enough to allow intercourse
  • Inadequate vaginal lubrication before and during intercourse
  • Low libido due to physical/hormonal problems, psychological problems, or relationship problems