- Avoid saturated fats (found mostly in animal products) and transfatty acids (found in hydrogenated fats and many commercial products and fast-foods). Choose unsaturated fats (particularly omega-3 fatty acids found in vegetable and fish oils).
 | Click the icon to see an image of saturated fats. |
 | Click the icon to see an image of trans-fatty acids. |
- When selecting proteins, choose soy protein, poultry, and fish over meat.
Weight control, quitting smoking, and exercise are essential companions of any diet program.
A noticeable reduction in cholesterol generally does not occur until 3 to 6 months after starting a heart healthy diet. However, some people have reported better levels in as few as 4 weeks. An intensive program may be necessary to achieve significant improvements in cholesterol levels and to reduce other heart risk factors.
Vitamins
In general, no vitamins have been proven to reduce the risk for PAD or heart disease. Deficiencies in the B vitamins folate and B12 have been linked with elevated levels of homocysteine, an amino acid that has been associated with a higher risk for heart disease and PAD. This association led researchers to examine the effects of vitamin B supplements on heart and vascular diseases. Results from several recent studies, however, indicate that while vitamin supplementation lowers homocysteine levels, it has no effect on heart disease outcomes.
Alternative Medicine
Glutathione. Glutathione is a natural antioxidant produced in animal and plant cells. In one small study, patients who took it could walk with no pain, and there seemed to be an improvement in blood flow. More studies are needed.
Gingko. An analysis of eight studies reported that the herb ginkgo biloba has some modest effect on pain-free walking. The herbal remedy has blood-thinning properties. It is available over the counter.
Herbs and SupplementsGenerally, manufacturers of herbal remedies and dietary supplements do not need FDA approval to sell their products. Just like a drug, herbs and supplements can affect the body's chemistry, and therefore have the potential to produce side effects that may be harmful. There have been a number of reported cases of serious and even lethal side effects from herbal products. Always check with your doctor before using any herbal remedies or dietary supplements. The following is of special concern for people taking natural remedies for peripheral artery disease: Ginkgo. Although the risks for gingko appear to be low, there is an increased risk for bleeding at high doses and interaction with high doses of vitamin E and anti-clotting medications. This is particularly important because patients with PAD often use these types of medications. Commercial gingko preparations have also been reported to contain colchicine, a chemical that can be harmful in pregnant women and people with kidney or liver problems. |
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