Ultrasound. Ultrasound plays a role in many cases of incontinence. For example, it is useful for men with prostate problems. It is helpful in measuring urine volume in the bladder. Ultrasound may also be useful in many cases of female stress incontinence, by identifying abnormalities in the bladder neck, and in assessing the urinary tract before and after surgery. It also may eventually be useful in diagnosing detrusor instability.
Chain Cystogram. In cases of stress incontinence, a chain cystogram may also be performed. With this procedure, a beaded chain is positioned in the bladder and urethra. The x-ray image of the chain reveals the angle of the bladder neck. This test should not be performed on pregnant women.
Electrophysiologic Sphincter Testing
Electrophysiologic sphincter testing, also referred to as electromyography (EMG), evaluates two important factors:
- The function of the nerves serving the sphincter and pelvic floor muscles
- The patient's ability to control these muscles
Using a technique similar to that of an electrocardiogram, the doctor places electrodes on the affected areas to observe electrical activity in the muscles.
Urethral Pressure Profile
Urethral pressure profile is used to investigate urethral blockage. A probe is placed in the urethra to determine pressure at different points along this pathway during urination and the exact location of any obstruction in the urethra.
Previous Section
