Bone density scanning, also called dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA) or bone densitometry, is the most widely used method to measure bone mineral density and is the only method that can make a definitive diagnosis of osteoporosis and monitor a patient’s response to treatment. It is an enhanced form of x-ray technology that requires no injections, sedation, special diet or any other advance preparation and the test is performed by a physician or technician in about 30 minutes.