"Family planning has far-reaching benefits for women and their families. Women who can plan the number and timing of their births enjoy improved health, experience fewer unwanted pregnancies and births, and have lower rates of induced, and often unsafe, abortion. In addition, women who have control over their fertility have a chance to get more schooling and find paid employment-achievements that enhance their social and economic status and improve the well-being of their families." [Guttmacher Institute, 2000, "Women and Societies Benefit When Childbearing Is Planned]
While abstinence is the most effective way of preventing pregnancy, this is not always the best choice, especially if you are married or in a long-term relationship where sexual intimacy is important to your relationship.
There are many different types of birth control and choosing the method that is best for you can be confusing. Understanding your options and learning about each can help you make the right decision.
There are several main categories of birth control:
Long-term Methods
Implants - an implant is placed under the skin on your arm. This method has few side effects and lasts up to 3 years and is extremely effective . It may cause changes in your monthly cycle.
IUC - an IUC is placed in your uterus by your doctor. It lasts anywhere from 5 to 10 years, has few side-effects and is extremely effective. You do need to do regular checks on the string to make sure it is in place.
Sterilization - this method surgically prevents pregnancy by blocking either the eggs or sperm.
Hormonal Methods
Hormonal methods are available for women and are effective in preventing pregnancy when used as prescribed. They can all cause changes in your monthly cycle, including having lighter periods (or eliminating periods).
Mini-Pill or Pill - a prescription for women, taken once a day that is effective when used as directed.
Patch - also available by prescription for women, a new patch is placed on the skin each week.
Ring - available by prescription, women must place a new ring into their vagina once per month
Shot - lasts for 12 weeks, must have your doctor give you a shot every 12 weeks
Barrier Methods
There are a number of barrier methods which are available over-the-counter, making them more convenient than the other methods, however, these methods are also less effective in preventing pregnancy. These methods include condoms (for men and women), diaphragm, spermicides, and the sponge.
Questions to Ask Your Doctor
Before deciding on a birth control method, you should talk with your doctor about your options. Some methods, such as birth control pills, may not be right for women with certain medical conditions. All have both benefits and disadvantages. A thorough discussion with your medical provider should help clear up misconceptions and help you find which method will best fit your lifestyle. The following are some questions you should ask your doctor:
