Multiple Sleep Latency Test. The multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) uses a machine to measure the time it takes to fall asleep while lying in a quiet room during the day:
- The patient takes four or five scheduled naps 2 hours apart.
- People with healthy sleep habits fall asleep in about 10 - 20 minutes.
- The test can detect changes in sleepiness associated with sleep deprivation in patients with insomnia.
It has limitations, however, and does not take into consideration any situations that may affect the patients' mental state and the actual home situation. The test is used mainly after other sleep disorders have been ruled out and the doctor is uncertain whether or not insomnia is a correct diagnosis.
Sleep Disorders Centers
If unexplained insomnia persists after treatment or there is evidence of a primary sleep disorder, such as sleep apnea or narcolepsy, the doctor may recommend a sleep specialist or a sleep disorders center. Centers are accredited by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Patients should investigate centers carefully, to be sure that they offer full sleep studies.
Among the signs that may indicate a need for a sleep disorders center are:
- Insomnia due to psychologic disorders
- Sleeping problems due to substance abuse
- Snoring and sudden awakening with gasping for breath (possible sleep apnea)
- Severe restless legs syndrome
- Persistent daytime sleepiness
- Sudden episodes of falling asleep during the day (possible narcolepsy)
At most sleep disorders centers, patients undergo an in-depth analysis, usually supervised by a multidisciplinary team of consultants who can provide both physical and psychiatric evaluations.
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