The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of more than 150 viruses. Some types of HPV cause genital warts, and others can lead to cancers of the cervix, head and neck, anus, rectum, penis, vagina, or vulva. Thankfully, the HPV vaccine can prevent infection by the types of HPV most likely to cause cancer. But while it was first approved by the FDA in 2006, there are still many myths and misunderstandings about the vaccine. Read on to separate fact from fiction.